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1 zarlink semiconductor inc. zarlink, zl and the zarlink semiconductor logo are trademarks of zarlink semiconductor inc. copyright 2002-2005, zarlink semiconductor inc. all rights reserved. features ? combined pcm 30 framer, line interface unit (liu) and link controllers in a 68 pin plcc or 100 pin mqfp package ? selectable bit rate data link access with optional s a bits hdlc controller (hdlc0) and channel 16 hdlc controller (hdlc1) ? liu dynamic range of 20 db ? enhanced performance monitoring and programmable error insertion functions ? low jitter dpll for clock generation ? operating under synchronized or free run mode ? two-frame receive elastic buffer with controlled slip direction indication ? selectable transmit or receive jitter attenuator ? intel or motorola non-multiplexed parallel microprocessor interface ? crc-4 updating algorithm for intermediate path points of a message-based data link application ? st-bus/gci 2.048 mbit/s backplane bus for both data and signalling applications ? e1 add/drop multiplexers and channel banks ? co and pbx equipment interfaces ? primary rate isdn nodes ? digital cross-connect systems (dcs) august 2005 ordering information MT9075BPR 68 pin plcc tape & reel mt9075bl 100 pin mqfp trays mt9075bp 68 pin plcc tubes MT9075BPR1 68 pin plcc* tape & reel mt9075bp1 68 pin plcc* tubes mt9075bl1 100 pin mqfp* trays *pb free matte tin -40 c to +85 c mt9075b e1 single chip transceiver data sheet figure 1 - functional block diagram st-bus interface cas buffer st loop pl loop national dg loop alarm detection, 2 frame slip buffer st-bus interface microprocessor interface tais line driver ttip pulse generator clock,data recovery rx equalizer & data slicer osc1 osc2 rtip bs/ls csti dsti csto dsto e2o rring tring bit buffer f0b c4b rxmf los txmf transmit framing, error and test signal generation data link, hdlc0, hdlc1 receive framing, performance monitoring, rxdlclk rxdl txdl txdlclk r/w / wr cs ds /rd irq d7~d0 ~ac0 rxfp /rx64kck jitter attenuator & clock control ac4 rm loop mt loop tdi tdo tms tclk trst ieee 1149.1 bl/fr int/ mot
mt9075b data sheet 2 zarlink semiconductor inc. description the mt9075b is a single chip device which integrates an advanced pcm 30 framer with a line interface unit (liu). the framer interfaces to a 2.048 mbit/s backplane and prov ides selectable rate data link access with optional hdlc controllers for s a bits and channel 16. the liu interfaces the fram er functions to the pcm 30 transformer-isolated four wire line. the mt9075b meets or supports the latest itu-t recomme ndations including g.703, g.704, g.706, g.732, g.775, g.796, g.823 for pcm 30, and i.431 for isdn primary rate . it also meets or supports etsi ets 300 011, ets 300 166 and ets 300 233 as well as bs 6450.
mt9075b data sheet 3 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 2 - pin connections 60 27 tais cs 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 trst tc l k tms tdo tdi gndatx tring ttip vddatx vdd rxfp /rx64kck f0b vss ic e2o reset irq d0 d1 d2 d3 vss ic int/mot vdd d4 d5 d6 d7 r/w /wr ac0 ds /rd dsti csti csto bl/fr dsto osc2 osc1 vss vdd txdl txdlck ic ic vss vdd los ac1 ac2 ac3 ac4 gndarx rtip rring vddarx bs/ls txmf nc nc rxdclk rxdl rxmf vss 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 c4b vdd 100 pin mqfp (jedec mo-112) 68 pin plcc nc nc nc nc nc 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 44 46 48 42 82 100 98 96 94 92 88 86 84 90 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 los ic nc ic tcdlck txdl bl/fr vdd vss osc1 osc2 nc vss vdd csto csti dsto dsti ds /rd nc nc nc nc nc nc nc tais tc l k tms tdo tdi gndatx f0b c4b e2o nc tring ttip vddatx vdd vss ic rxfp /rx64kck nc trst nc bs / ls ac2 ac1 rxdl rxdlck ic ic vss vdd vdarx rtip rxmf txmf nc ac3 ac4 nc nc nc gndarx rring nc nc nc nc nc nc nc nc cs reset irq d0 d1 d2 d3 vss int/mot d6 r/w /wr ic vdd d4 d5 d7 nc ac0 nc nc
mt9075b data sheet 4 zarlink semiconductor inc. pin description pin # name description plcc mqfp 1 66 osc1 oscillator input. this pin is either connected via a 20.000 mhz crystal to osc2 where a crystal is used, or is di rectly driven when a 20.000 mh z oscillator is employed (see figures 6 and 7). cmos input switching level. 2 67 osc2 oscillator output. not suitable for driving other devices. 368 v ss negative power supply (input). digital ground. 469 v dd positive power supply (input). digital supply (+5v 5%). 5 70 csto control st-bus output. csto carries one of the following two serial streams for cas and ccs respectively: (i) a 2.048 mbit/s st-bus status stream wh ich contains the 30 receive signalling nibbles (abcdzzzz or zzzzabcd). the most significant nibbles of each st-bus time slot are valid and the least significant nibbles of each st-bus time slot are tristated when control bit msn (page 01h, address 1ah, bit 1) is set to 1. if msn=0, the position of the valid and tristated nibbles is reversed. (ii) a 64 kb/s output when the 64 khz common channel signalling option is selected (page 01h, address 1ah, bit 0, 64kccs =1) for channel 16. 6 71 csti control st-bus input. csti carries one of the following two serial streams for cas and ccs respectively: (i) a 2.048 mbit/s st-bus control stream which contains the 30 transmit signalling nibbles (abcdxxxx or xxxxabcd) when page 01h, address 1ah, bit 3, rpsig=0. when rpsig=1 this pin has no function. the most significant nibbles of each st-bus time slot are valid and the least significant nibbles of each st-bus time slot are ignored when control bit msn (page 01h, address 1ah, bi t 1) is set to 1. if msn=0, the position of the valid and ignored nibbles is reversed. (ii) a 64 kb/s input when t he 64 khz common channel signalli ng option is selected (page 01h, address 1ah, bit 0, 64kccs =1) for channel 16. 7 72 dsto data st-bus output. a 2.048 mbit/s serial stream which contains the 30 pcm or data channels received on the pcm 30 line. 8 73 dsti data st-bus input. a 2.048 mbit/s serial stream which contains the 30 pcm or data channels to be transmitted on the pcm 30 line. 974ds /rd data/read strobe (input) . in motorola mode (ds ), this input is the active low data strobe of the microprocessor interface. in intel mode (rd ), this input is the active low read strobe of the microprocessor interface. 10 83 cs chip select (input) . this active low input enables the non-multiplexed parallel microprocessor interface of the mt9075b. when cs is set to high, the microprocessor interface is idle and all bus i/o pins will be in a high impedance state. 11 84 reset reset (input). this active low input puts the mt9075b in a reset condition. reset should be set to high for normal operation. the mt9075b should be reset after power- up. the reset pin must be held low for a minimum of 1 sec. to reset the device properly.
mt9075b data sheet 5 zarlink semiconductor inc. 12 85 irq interrupt request (output). a low on this output pin indi cates that an interrupt request is presented. irq is an open drain output that should be connected to v dd through a pull- up resistor. an active low cs signal is not required for this pin to function. 13 - 16 86- 89 d0 - d3 data 0 to data 3 (three-state i/o). these signals combined with d4-d7 form the bidirectional data bus of the microprocessor interface (d0 is the l east significant bit). 17 90 vss negative power supply (input). digital ground. 18 91 ic internal connection. tie to v ss (ground) for normal operation. 19 92 int/mot intel/motorola mode selection (input). a high on this pin configures the processor interface for the intel parallel non-multiplexed bus type. a low configures the processor interface for the motorola parallel non-multiplexed type. 20 93 vdd positive power supply (input). digital supply (+5v 5%). 21 - 24 94- 97 d4 - d7 data 4 to data 7 (three-state i/o). these signals combined with d0-d3 form the bidirectional data bus of the microprocessor interface (d7 is the mo st significant bit). 25 98 r/w /wr read/write/write strobe (input). in motorola mode (r/w ), this input controls the direction of the data bus d[0:7] during a microprocessor access. when r/w is high, the parallel processor is reading data from the mt9075b. when low, the microprocessor is writing data to the mt9075b. for intel mode (wr ), this active low write strobe configures the data bus lines as output. 26 - 30 99, 8-11 ac0 - ac4 address/control 0 to 4 (inputs). address and control inputs for the microprocessor interface. ac0 is the least significant input. 31 12 gndarx receive analog ground (input). analog ground for the liu receiver. 32 33 13 14 rtip rring receive tip and ring (inputs). differential inputs for the receive line signal - must be transformer coupled (see figure 4). 34 15 vddarx receive analog power supply (input). analog supply for the liu receiver (+5v 5%). 35 16 vdd positive power supply (input). digital supply (+5v 5%). 36 17 vss negative power supply (input). digital ground. 37 18 ic internal connection. must be left open for normal operation. 38 19 ic internal connection. must be left open for normal operation. 39 20 rxdlclk receive data link clock (output) . a gapped clock signal derived from a 2.048 mbit/s clock, available for an external device to clo ck in rxdl data (at 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 khz) on the rising edge. 40 21 rxdl receive data link (output) . a 2.048 mbit/s data stream containing received line data after hdb3 decoding. this data is clocked out with the rising edge of e2o. 41 22 txmf transmit multiframe boundary (input) . an active low input used to set the transmit multiframe boundary (cas or crc multiframe ). the mt9075b will generate its own multiframe if this pin is held high. this i nput is usually pulled high for most applications. pin description (continued) pin # name description plcc mqfp
mt9075b data sheet 6 zarlink semiconductor inc. 42 23 rxmf receive multiframe boundary (output). an output pulse delimiting the received multiframe boundary. the next frame output on the data stream (dsto) is basic frame zero on the pcm 30 link. this receive multiframe signal can be related to either the receive crc multiframe (page 01h, address 10h, bit 6, mfsel=1) or the receive signalling multiframe (mfsel=0). 43 24 bs/ls system bus synchronous/line synchronous selection (input) . if high, c4b and f0b will be inputs; if low, c4b and f0b will be outputs. 44 32 e2o 2.048 mhz extracted clock (output). the clock extracted from the received signal and used internally to clock in data received on rtip and rring. 45 33 c4b 4.096 mhz system clock (input/output) . c4b is the clock for the st-bus sections and transmit serial pcm data of the mt9075b. in the free-run (bl/fr =0) or line synchronous mode (bl/fr =1 and bs/ls =0) this signal is an output, while in the system bus synchronous mode (bs/ls =1) this signal is an input clock. 46 34 f0b frame pulse (input/output). this is the st-bus or gci frame synchronization signal, which delimits the 32 channel frame of csti, csto, dsti, dsto and the pcm30 link. in the free-run (bl/fr =0) or loop synchronous mode (bl/fr =1 and bs/ls =0) this signal is an output, while in the bus synchronous mode (bl/fr =1 and bs/ls =0) this signal is an input. the gci/st-bus selection is made under software control. page 02h, address 13h, bit 0, gci/st =1 selects gci frame pulse; gci/st =0 selects st-bus. 47 35 rxfp /rx6 4kck receive frame pulse/recei ve ccs clock (output). an 8 khz pulse signal, which is low for one extracted clock period. this signal is synchronized to the receive pcm 30 basic frame boundary. when 64kccs (page 01h, address 1ah, bit 0) is set to 1, this pin outputs a 64 khz clock derived by dividing down the extracted 2.048 mhz clock. this clock is used to clock ccs data out of pin csto in the ccs mode. 48 36 ic internal connection. must be left open for normal operation. 49 37 v ss negative power supply (input). digital ground. 50 38 v dd positive power supply (input). digital supply (+5v 5%). 51 39 vdd atx transmit analog power supply (input). analog supply for the liu transmitter (+5v 5%). 52 53 40 41 ttip tring transmit tip and ring (outputs). differential outputs for the transmit line signal - must be transformer coupled (see figure 4). 54 42 gnd atx transmit analog ground (input). analog ground for the liu transmitter. 55 43 tdi ieee 1149.1 test data input. if not used, this pin should be pulled high. 56 44 tdo ieee 1149.1 test data output. if not used, this pin should be left unconnected. 57 45 tms ieee 1149.1 test mode selection (input) . if not used, this pin should be pulled high. 58 46 tclk ieee 1149.1 test clock signal (input). if not used, this pin should be pulled high. 59 47 trst ieee 1149.1 reset signal (input). if not used, this pin should be held low. pin description (continued) pin # name description plcc mqfp
mt9075b data sheet 7 zarlink semiconductor inc. device overview the mt9075b is an advanced pcm 30 framer with an on-chip line interface unit (liu) that meets or supports the latest itu-t recommendations for pcm 30 and isdn prim ary rate including g.703, g.704, g.706, g.775, g.796, g.732, g.823 and i.431. it also meets or supports the layer 1 requirement s of etsi ets 300 011, ets 300 166, ets 300 233 and bs6450. the line interface unit (liu) of the mt9075b interfaces the digital framer functions to the pcm 30 transformer- isolated four wire line. the transmit portion of the mt9075b liu consists of a digital buffer, a digital-to-analog converter and a differential line driver. t he receiver portion of the liu consists of an input signal peak detector, an optional two-stage equalizer, a smoothing filter, data and clock slicers and a clock extractor. the optional equalizer allows for error free reception of data with a line attenuation of up to 20 db. the liu also contains a jitter attenuator (ja), which can be configured to either the transmit or receive path. the ja will attenuate jitter from 2.5 hz and roll-off at a rate of 20 db/decade. its intrinsic jitter is less than 0.02 ui. 60 48 tais transmit alarm indication signal (input). an active low on this input causes the mt9075b to transmit an ais (all ones signal) on ttip and tring pins. tais should be set to high for normal data transmission. 61 57 los loss of signal or synchronization (output). when high, and los/lof (page 02h address 13h bit 2) is zero, this signal indi cates that the receive portion of the mt9075b is either not detecting an incoming signal (bit llos on page 03h address 18h is one) or is detecting a loss of basic fram e alignment condition (bit sync on page 03h address 10h is one). if los/lof=1, a high on this pin indicates a loss of signal condition. 62 58 ic internal connection. tie to v ss (ground) for normal operation. 59 nc no connection. leave open for normal operation. 63 60 ic internal connection. tie to v ss (ground) for normal operation. 64 61 txdlclk transmit data link clock (output). a gapped clock signal derived from a gated 2.048 mbit/s clock for transmit data link at 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 khz. the transmit data link data (txdl) is clocked in on the rising edge of txdlclk. txdlclk can also be used to clock dl data out of an external serial controller. 65 62 txdl transmit data link (input) . an input serial stream of tran smit data link data at 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kbit/s composed of 488ns-wide bi t cells which are multiplexed into selected national bits of the pcm 30 transmit signal. 66 63 bl/fr bus or line/freerun (input). if this pin is set to high, the mt9075b is in the system bus or line synchronous mode depending on the bs/ls pin. if low, the mt9075b is in the free run mode. 67 64 vdd positive power supply (input). digital supply (+5v 5%). 68 65 vss negative power supply (input). digital ground. 1-7, 25-31, 49-56, 75-82, 100 nc no connection. leave open for normal operation. pin description (continued) pin # name description plcc mqfp
mt9075b data sheet 8 zarlink semiconductor inc. the digital portion of the mt9075b connects an inco ming stream of time multiplexed pcm channels (at 2.048 mbit/s) to the transmit payload of the e1 trunk, while the receive payload is connected to the st-bus or gci 2.048 mbit/s backplane bus for both data and signalling. control, reporting and conditioning of the line is implemented via a parallel micropr ocessor interface. the mt9075b framing algorithm allows automatic interworking between crc-4 and non-crc-4 interfaces. the s a bits can be accessed by the mt9075b in the following four ways: ? single byte registers; ? five byte transmit and receive national bit buffers; ? data link pins txdl, rxdl, rxdlclk and txdlclk; ? hdlc controller with a 128 byte fifo. the mt9075b operates in either termination or transparent modes selectable via software control. in the termination mode the crc-4 calculation is performed as part of the framing algorithm. in the transmit transparent mode, no framing or signalling is imposed on the data tran smit from dsti on the line. in addition, the mt9075b optionally allows the data link maintenance channel to be modified and updates the crc-4 remainder bits to reflect the modification. all channel, framing and signalling data passes thr ough the device u naltered. this is useful for intermediate point applications of a pcm 30 link where the data link data is modified, but the error information transported by the crc-4 bits must be passed to the te rminating end. in the receive transparent mode, the received line data is channelled to dsto with framing ope rations disabled, consequently, the data passes through the slip buffer and drives dsto with an arbitrary alignment. the mt9075b has a comprehensive suite of status, alarm, performance monitoring and reporting features. these include counters for bpvs, crc errors, e-bit errors, errored frame alignment signals, bert, and rai and continuous crc erro rs. also, included are transmi ssion error insertion for bpvs, crc-4 errors, frame and non- frame alignment signal errors, payload errors and loss of signal errors. a complete set of loopback func tions is provided, which includes digita l, remote, st-bus, pa yload, metallic, local and remote time slot. the mt9075b also contains a comprehensive set of mask able interrupts and an interrup t vector function. interrupt sources consist of synchronization status, alarm status, count er indication and overflow, timer status, slip indication, maintenance functions and receive channel associated si gnalling bit changes. a special set of maskable interrupts have been included for sensing changes in the state of the na tional use bits and nibbles, in compliance to emerging ets requirements. the mt9075b system timing may be slaved to the line, ope rated in freerun mode, or controlled by an external timing source. functional description mt9075b line interface unit (liu) receiver the receiver portion of the mt9075b liu consists of an input signal peak detector, an optional two-stage equalizer, a smoothing filter, adaptive threshold comparators, da ta and clock slicers, and a clock extractor. receive equalization gain can be set via software control or it can be determined automatically by the peak detectors. the output of the receive equalizer is conditioned by a smoo thing filter and is passed on to the clock and data slicer. the clock slicer output signal drives a phase locked loop , which generates the extracted clock (e2o). this extracted clock is used to sample the output of the data comparator. the los output pin (pin 61 in plcc, pin 57 in mqfp) is user selectable, by setting control bit los/lof (page 02h, register 13h, bit 2), to indicate a loss of signal or loss of basic frame synch ronization condition. in addition, a status
mt9075b data sheet 9 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit, llos (bit 4 in page 3, register 18h) is provided to indicate the presence of a loss signal condition. the occurrence of a loss signal condition is defined as per i. 431, i.e., when the incoming signal amplitude is more than 20 db below the nominal amplitude for a time duration of at least 1 ms. the receive liu circuit requires a te rminating resistor of either 120 ? or 75 ? across the device side of the receive1:1 transformer as shown in figure 4. the return loss of the receiver, complying with g.703, is greater than: ? 12 db from 51 khz to 102 khz; ? 18 db from 102 khz to 2048 khz; ? 14 db from 2048 khz to 3072 khz. the jitter tolerance of the mt9075b clock extractor ci rcuit exceeds the requirements of g.823 (figure 3). transmitter the mt9075b differential line driver is designed to drive a 1:2 step-up transformer (see figure 4). a 0.68 uf capacitor is required between the ttip and the transmit transformer. resistors r t (as shown in figure 4) are for termination for transmit retu rn loss. the values of r t may be optimized for 120 ? lines, 75 ? lines or set at an intermediary value to serve both applications. program t he transmit pulse control word (address 1fh page 1) to adjust the pulse amplitude accordingly. alternatively, the pulse level and shape may be discretely programmed by writing to the customer pulse level registers (addresses 1ch to 1fh, page 2) and setting the custom transmit pulse bit high (bit 3 of the transmit pulse control word). figure 3 - typical jitter tolerance 18ui 1.5ui 0.2ui 1.667hz 20hz 2.4khz 18khz 100khz peak to peak jitter amplitude (log scale) jitter frequency (log scale) mt9075b tolerance
mt9075b data sheet 10 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 4 - analog line interface the template for the transmitted pulse, as specified in g 703, is shown in figure 5. the nominal peak voltage of a mark is 3 volts for 120 ? twisted pair applications and 2.37 volts for 75 ? coax applications. the ratio of the amplitude of the transmit pulses generated by ttp and tring is between 0.95 and 1.05. figure 5 - pulse template (g.703) ttip tring rtip rring 1:2 1:1 r t 0.68uf r t 120 ?/ 75? mt9075b tx rx 269ns 244ns 194ns 219ns 488ns nominal pulse 120 110 90 100 80 50 10 0 -10 -20 percentage of nominal peak
mt9075b data sheet 11 zarlink semiconductor inc. transformer recommendation table 1 shows a list of recommended transformers for the mt9075b line interface. table 1 - transformer manufacturers and part numbers timing source the mt9075b can use either a clock or crystal, connecti ng to pins osc1 and osc2, as the reference timing source. figure 6 shows a 20 mhz clock oscillato r, with 50 ppm tolerance, directly connected to the osc1 pin of the mt9075b. figure 6 - clock os cillator circuit alternatively, a crystal oscillator may be used. a complete oscillator circuit made up of a crystal, resistors and capacitors is shown in figure 7. the crystal specification is as follows. frequency: 20 mhz tolerance: 50 ppm oscillation mode: fundamental resonance mode: parallel load capacitance: 32 pf maximum series resistance: 35 ? approximate drive level: 1 mw manufacturer for tx for rx filtran 5721-1 5721-2 pulse engineering pe-65351 pe-64934 midcom 50027 50026 osec 02934/a 02935/a mt9075b osc1 osc2 ( open ) 20mhz out vdd gnd + 5v .1 f
mt9075b data sheet 12 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 7 - crystal oscillator circuit jitter attenuator (ja) the mt9075b jitter attenuator (ja), which consists of a phase locked loop (pll) and data fifo, can be used on either the transmit or rece ive side of the interface. on the transmit side the c4b signal clocks the data into the fifo, the pll de-jitters the c4b clock and the resulting clean c4b signal clocks the data out of the fifo. when the ja is selected on the receive side, the extrac ted clock signal clocks the data into the fifo. the same clock feeds the pll and the resulti ng de-jittered clock is used to clock the data out of the fifo. the ja meets the jitter transfer characteristics as proposed by g.823 and the relevant recommendations as shown in figure 8. the ja fifo depth can be selected to be from 16 to 128 words deep, in multiples of 16 (2- bit) words. its read pointer can be centered by changi ng the jfc bit (address 18h of page 02h) to provide maximum jitter tolerance. if the read pointe r should come within 4 bits of either end of the fifo, the read clock frequency will be increased or decreased by 0.0625 ui to correct the situation. the maximum time nee ded to centre is t max = 3904 ? depth ns, where depth is the selected ja fi fo depth. during this time the ja will not attenuate jitter. to ensure normal operation, the ja fifo depth should be set in software to be larger than the anticipated maximum ui of input jitter. clock jitter attenuation modes mt9075b has three basic jitter attenuation modes of operation, selected by the bs/ls and bl/fr control pins. ? system bus synchronous mode ? line synchronous mode ? free-run mode mt9075b osc1 osc2 20mhz 1m ? 56pf 39pf 1 h* 100 ? note: the 1 h inductor is optional
mt9075b data sheet 13 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 8 - typical jitter attenuation curve depending on the mode selected, the jitter attenuator (ja) can attenuate either transmi t clock jitter or receive clock jitter, or be disconnected. control bits jas, jat/jar (address 18h of page 02h) determine the ja selection under certain modes. table 2 shows the configurat ion of related control pins and control bits required to place the mt9075b in the appropriate jitter attenuation mode. referring to the mode names given in table 2, the basic operation of the jitter attenuation modes is summarized as follows: ?in sysbussync (1-3) modes, pins c4b and f0b are always configured as inputs, while in the line synchronous and free-run modes c4b and f0b are configured as outputs. ?in sysbussync1 mode, an external clock is applied to c4b . the applied clock is dejittered by the internal pll before being used to transmit data. the clock extrac ted (with no jitter attenuation performed) from the receive data can be monitored on pin e2o. mode name bs/ls bl/fr jas jat/jar note sysbussync1 1 1 1 1 ja on tx side; no ja on rx side sysbussync2 1 1 1 0 ja on rx side; no ja on tx side sysbussync3 1 1 0 x no ja on tx or rx side line synchronous 0 1 x x by default, ja is on the receive side. controls bits need not be selected. free-run x 0 x x in free-run mode ja will be automatically disconnected table 2 - selection of clock jitter attenuation modes -19.5 db 0.5 0 jitter attenuation (db) 10 40 400 10k -20 db/decade frequency (hz)
mt9075b data sheet 14 zarlink semiconductor inc. ?in sysbussync2 mode, the clock applied to pin c4b is assumed to be jitter-free and is directly used to transmit data. the internal pll is used to dejitter the extracted receive clock. the dejittered receive clock is output on pin e2o. ?in sysbussync3 mode, no jitter attenuation is applied to either the transmit or receive clocks. the transmit data is synchronized to clock applied to pin c4b . the extracted receive clock is not dejittered and is supplied directly to the e2o output. ?in line synchronous mode, the clock extracted from the receive data is dejittered using the internal pll and then output on pin c4b . pin e2o provides the extracted receive clock before it has been dejittered. the transmit data is synchronous to the clean receive clock. ?in free-run mode the transmit data is synchronized to the internally generated clock. the internal clock is output on pin c4b . the clock signal extracted from the receive dat a is not dejittered and is output directly on pin e2o. the pcm 30 interface pcm 30 (e1) basic frames are 256 bits long and are tr ansmitted at a frame repetition rate of 8000 hz, which results in an aggregate bit rate of 256 bits x 8000/sec = 2.048 mbits/sec. the actual bit rate is 2.048 mbits/sec +/-50 ppm encoded in hdb3 format. the hdb3 control bit (page 01h, address 15h, bit 5) selects either hdb3 encoding or alternate mark inversion (ami) encoding. ba sic frames are divided into 32 time slots numbered 0 to 31, see figure 30. each time slot is 8 bits in length and is transmitted most significant bit first (numbered bit 1). this results in a single time slot data rate of 8 bits x 8000/sec. = 64 kbits/sec. it should be noted that the zarlink st-bus also has 32 channels numbered 0 to 31, but the most significant bit of an eight bit channel is numbered bit 7 (see zarlink application note msan-126). therefore, st-bus bit 7 is synonymous with pcm 30 bit 1; bit 6 with bit 2: and so on (figure 31). pcm 30 time slot 0 is reserved for basic frame alignment, crc-4 multiframe alignment and the communication of maintenance informati on. in most config urations time slot 16 is reserved for either ch annel associated signalling (cas or abcd bit signalling) or common channel signalli ng (ccs). the remaining 30 time slots are called channels and carry either pcm encoded voice signals or digital data. channel alignment and bit numbering is consistent with time slot alignment and bit numbering. however, channels are numbered 1 to 30 and relate to time slots as per table 3. table 3 - time slot to channel relationship basic frame alignment time slot 0 of every basic frame is reserved for basic frame alignment and contai ns either a frame alignment signal (fas) or a non-frame alignment signal (nfas). fas and nfas occur in time slot zero of consecutive basic frames as shown in table 7. bit two is used to distinguish between fas (bit two = 0) and nfas (bit two = 1). basic frame alignment is initiated by a search for the bit sequence 0011011 which appears in the last seven bit positions of the fas, see t he frame algorithm section. bit position one of the fas can be either a crc-4 remainder bit or an international usage bit. bits four to eight of the nfas (i.e., s a4 - s a8 ) are additional spare bits which may be used as follows: ?s a4 to s a8 may be used in specific point-to-point applications (e.g. transcoder equipments conforming to g.761). ?s a4 may be used as a message-based data link for operations, maintenance and performance monitoring. pcm 30 timeslot 0 1 2 3...15 16 17 18 19...31 voice/data channels x 1 2 3...15 x 16 17 18...30
mt9075b data sheet 15 zarlink semiconductor inc. ?s a5 to s a8 are for national usage. a maintenance channel or data link at 4,8,12,16,or 20 khz for selected s a bits is provided by the mt9075b to implement these functions. note that for simplicity all s a bits including s a4 are collectively called national bits throughout this document. bit three (designated as ?a?), the remote alarm indication (rai), is used to indicate the near end basic frame synchronization status to the far end of a link. under normal oper ation, the a (rai) bit should be set to 0, while in alarm condition, it is set to 1. bit position one of the nfas can be eit her a crc-4 multiframe alignment signal , an e-bit or an international usage bit. refer to an approvals laboratory and national standards bodies for specific requirements. crc-4 multiframing the primary purpose for crc-4 multiframing is to provide a verification of the curr ent basic frame alignment, although it can also be used for other functions such as bit error rate esti mation. the crc-4 multiframe consists of 16 basic frames numbered 0 to 15, an d has a repetition rate of 16 frames x 125 microseconds/frame = 2 msec. crc-4 multiframe alignment is based on the 001011 bit seq uence, which appears in bit position one of the first six nfass of a crc-4 multiframe. the crc-4 multiframe is divided into two submultiframes , numbered 1 and 2, which are each eight basic frames or 2048 bits in length. the crc-4 frame alignment verification functions as follow s. initially, the crc-4 operation must be activated and crc-4 multiframe alignment must be achieved at both end s of the link. at the local end of a link, all the bits of every transmit submultiframe are passed th rough a crc-4 polynomial (multiplied by x 4 then divided by x 4 + x + 1), which generates a four bit remainder. this remai nder is inserted in bit position one of the four fass of the following submultiframe before it is transmitted (see table 7). the submultiframe is then transmitted and, at the far end, the sa me process occurs. that is, a crc-4 remainder is generated for each received submultiframe. these bits are co mpared with the bits received in position one of the four fass of the next received submultiframe. this pr ocess takes place in both directions of transmission. when more than 914 crc-4 errors (out of a possible 1000) are counted in a one second interval, the framing algorithm will force a search for a new basic frame al ignment. see frame algorithm section for more details. the result of the comparison of the received crc-4 re mainder with the locally generated remainder will be transported to the far end by the e-bits. therefore, if e 1 = 0, a crc-4 error was discovered in a submultiframe 1 received at the far end; and if e 2 = 0, a crc-4 error was discovered in a submultiframe 2 received at the far end. no submultiframe sequence numbers or re-transmission capabilities are s upported with layer 1 pcm 30 protocol. see itu-t g.704 and g.706 for more details on the operation of crc-4 and e-bits. there are two crc multiframe alignment algorithm options selected by the autc control bit (address 11h, page 01h). when autc is zero and csyn is zero, automatic crc-to-non-crc interworking is selected, if crc-4 multiframe alignment is not found in 400 msec, the st atus bit crciwk (page 03h, address 10h) is set low and no further attempt to achieve crc-4 synch ronization is made as long as the device remains in terminal frame synchronization. when autc is one and csyn is zero, a reframe will be initia ted every 8 msec if the mt9075b achieves terminal frame synchronizati on, but fails to achieve crc-4 synchr onization. in this case, if arai is low, rai will flicker high with ev ery reframe. if crc mfai is unsuccessful af ter 400ms, rai will stay high continuously. the control bit for transmit e bits (te, bit 4 at address 16h of page 01h) will have the same function in both states of autc . that is, when crc-4 synchronizati on is not achieved the state of the transmit e-bits will be the same as the state of the te control bit. when crc-4 synchronization is ac hieved the transmit e-bits will function as per itu- t g.704. table 4 outlines th e operation of the autc , arai and talm control bits of the mt9075b.
mt9075b data sheet 16 zarlink semiconductor inc. cas signalling multiframing the purpose of the signalling multiframing algorithm is to provide a scheme that will allow the association of a specific abcd signalling nibble with the appropriate pcm 30 channel. time slot 16 is reserved for the communication of channel associated signalling (cas) information (i.e., abcd signalling bits for up to 30 channels). refer to itu-t g.704 and g.732 for more details on cas multiframing requirements. a cas signalling multiframe consists of 16 basic frames (numbered 0 to 15), which results in a multiframe repetition rate of 2 msec. it should be noted that the boundaries of th e signalling multiframe may be completely distinct from those of the crc-4 multiframe. cas multiframe alignment is based on a multiframe alignment signal (a 0000 bit sequence), which occurs in the most significant nibble of time slot 16 of basic frame 0 of the cas multiframe. bit 6 of this time slot is the multiframe alarm bit (usually designated y). w hen cas multiframing is acquired on the receive side, the transmit y-bit is zero; when cas multiframi ng is not acquired, the transmit y-bit is one. bits 5, 7 and 8 (usually designated x) are spare bi ts and are normally set to one if not used. time slot 16 of the remaining 15 basic frames of the cas mu ltiframe (i.e., basic frames 1 to 15) are reserved for the abcd signalling bits for the 30 payload channels. the mo st significant nibbles are reserved for channels 1 to 15 and the least significant nibbles are reserved for channels 16 to 30. that is, time slot 16 of basic frame 1 has abcd for channel 1 and 16, time slot 16 of basic frame 2 has ab cd for channel 2 and 17, through to time slot 16 of basic frame 15 has abcd for channel 15 and 30. autc arai talm description 0 0 x automatic crc-interworking is activated. if no valid crc mfas is being received, transmit rai will flic ker high with every reframe (8 msec.), this cycle will continue for 400 msec., then transmit rai will be low continuously. the device wi ll stop searching for crc mfas, continue to transmit crc-4 re mainders, stop crc-4 processing indicate crc-to-non-crc operation and transmit e-bits to be the same state as the te control bit (page 01h, address 16h). 0 1 0 automatic crc-interworking is activated. transmit rai is low continuously upon loss of synchronization. 0 1 1 automatic crc-interworking is activated. transmit rai is high continuously upon loss of synchronization. 1 0 x automatic crc-interworking is de -activated. if no valid crc mfas is being received, transmit rai flickers high with every reframe (8 msec.), this cycle continues for 400 msec., then transmit rai becomes high continuously. the device continues to search for crc mfas and transmit e-bits are the same state as the te control bit. when crcsyn = 0, the crc mfas search is terminated and the transmit rai goes low. 1 1 0 automatic crc-interworking is de -activated. transmit rai is low continuously upon loss of synchronization. 1 1 1 automatic crc-interworking is de -activated. transmit rai is high continuously upon loss of synchronization. table 4 - operation of autc, arai and talm control bits
mt9075b data sheet 17 zarlink semiconductor inc. mt9075b access and control register access the control and status of the mt9075b is achieved through a non-multiplexed parallel microprocessor port. the parallel port may be configured for motorola style control signals (by setting pin int/mot low) or intel style control signals (by setting pin int/mot high). the controlling microprocessor gains access to specific re gisters of the mt9075b through a two step process. first, writing to the internal command/address register (car) se lects one of the 18 pages of control and status registers (car address: ac4 = 0, ac3-ac0 = don't care, car data d7 - d0 = page number). second, each page has a maximum of 16 registers that are addressed on a read or write to a non-car address (non-car: address ac4 = 1, ac3-ac0 = register address, d7-d0 = data). once a page of memory is selected, it is only necessary to write to the car when a different page is to be accessed . see figures 11 and 12 for timing requirements. please note that for microprocessors with read/write cycles less than 200 ns, a wait state or a dummy operation (for c programming) between two succes sive read/write operat ions to the hdlc fifo is required. table 5 associates the mt9075b control and status pages with access and page descriptions. table 5 - register summary st-bus streams the st-bus stream can also be used to access channel associated signalling nibbles. csto contains the received channel associated signalling bi ts (e.g., itu-t r1 and r2 signalling), and when control bit r psig (page 01h, address 1ah) is set to 0, csti is used to control the transmit channel associated signalling. the dsti and dsto streams contain the transmit and receive voice and digital data. page address d 7 - d 0 register description processor access st-bus access 00000001 (01h) master control r/w -- 00000010 (02h) r/w 00000011 (03h) master status r --- 00000100 (04h) r/w 00000101 (05h) per channel transmit signalling r/w csti 00000110 (06h) per channe l receive signalling r csto 00000111 (07h) per time slot control r/w --- 00001000 (08h) r/w 00001001 (09h) 1 second status r --- 00001010 (0ah) unused --- 00001011 (0bh) hdlc0 control and status (ts 0) r/w --- 00001100 (0ch) hdlc1 control and status (ts 16) r/w --- 00001101 (0dh) transmit national bit buffer r/w --- 00001110 (0eh) receive national bit buffer r --- 00001111 (0fh) tx message mode buffer 0 r/w --- 00010000 (10h) tx message mode buffer 1 r/w --- 00010001 (11h) rx message mode buffer 0 r/w --- 00010010 (12h) rx message mode buffer 1 r/w ---
mt9075b data sheet 18 zarlink semiconductor inc. identification code the mt9075b shall be identified by the code 10101010, read fr om the identification code status register (page 03h, address 1fh). reset operation (initialization) the mt9075b can be reset using the hardware reset pin (pin 11 in plcc, pin 84 in mqfp, see pin description for external reset circuit requirements) or the software reset bit rst (page 01h, address 11h). when the device emerges from its reset state it will begin to function with the default settings described in table 6. a reset operation takes 1 full frame (125 us) to complete. table 6 - reset status transmit ais operation the pin tais (transmit ais, pin 60 in plcc, pin 48 in mqfp) al lows an all ones signal to be transmitted from the point of power-up without the need to write any control registers. during this time the irq pin is tristated. after the interface has been initialized normal operation can take place by making tais high. national bit buffers table 7 shows the contents of the transmit and receive frame alignment signals (fas) and non-frame alignment signals (nfas) of time slot zero of a pcm 30 signal. even numbered frames (crc frame # 0, 2, 4,...) are fass and odd numbered frames (crc frame # 1, 3, 5,...) are nf ass. the bits of each channel are numbered 1 to 8, with bit 1 being the most significan t and bit 8 the least significant. function status mode termination loopbacks deactivated transmit fas c n 0011011 transmit non-fas 1/s n 1111111 transmit mfas (cas) 00001111 data link deactivated crc interworking activated signalling cas registers abcd bit debounce deactivated interrupts interrupt mask word zero unmasked, all others masked; interrupts not suspended rxmf output signalling multiframe error insertion deactivated hdlcs deactivated counters cleared tx message buffer all locations set to 54h per time slot control buffer all locations cleared
mt9075b data sheet 19 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 7 - fas and nfas structure table 8 illustrates the organization of the mt9075b transmit and receive national bit buffers. each row is an addressable byte of the mt9075b nati onal bit buffer, and each column contains the national bits of an odd numbered frame of each crc-4 multiframe. the transmit and re ceive national bit buffers are located at page 0dh and 0eh respectively. cr c crc frame/ type pcm 30 channel zero 12345678 sub multi frame 1 0/fas c 1 0011011 1/nfas 01a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 2/fas c 2 0011011 3/nfas 01a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 4/fas c 3 0011011 5/nfas 11a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 6/fas c 4 0011011 7/nfas 01a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 sub multi frame 2 8/fas c 1 0011011 9/nfas 11a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 10/fas c 2 0011011 11/nfa s 11a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 12/fas c 3 0011011 13/nfa s e 1 1a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 14/fas c 4 0011011 15/nfa s e 2 1a s a4 s a5 s a6 s a7 s a8 indicates position of crc-4 multiframe alignment signal.
mt9075b data sheet 20 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 8 - mt9075b national bit buffers note that the data link (dl) pin func tions, if selected, override the transmit nati onal bit buffer function. the crc-4 alignment status caln (page 03h, address 12h) and maskable interrupt calni (page 01h, address 1dh) indicate the beginning of every received crc-4 multiframe. maskable interrupts are available for change of state of s a5 bits or change of state of s a6 nibbles. by writing the proper control bits, an interrupt can be generated on a change of state of any s a bit (except s a4 - normally reserved for the data link), or any nibbles for s a5 through s a8 . see the description of page 01h, address 19h for more details. in addition, the transparent transmission of channel 0 is supported to meet the ets requirement. selectable on a bit by bit basis, s a bits in channel 0 dsti data can be programmed using register 17h of page 01h to be sent transparently onto the line. data link operation timeslot 0 the mt9075b has a user defined 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kbit/s data link for transport of maintenance and performance monitoring information across the pcm 30 link. this channel functions using the s a bits (s a4 ~s a8 ) of the pcm 30 timeslot zero non-frame alignment signa l (nfas). since the nfas is transmitted every other frame - a periodicity of 250 microseconds - the aggregate bit rate is a multiple of 4 kb/s. as there are five s a bits independently available for this data link, the bit rate will be 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kb/s, depending on the bits selected for the data link (dl). the s a bits used for the dl are selected by setting the appropriate bits, s a4 ~s a8 , to one in the data link select word (page 01h, address 10h, bits 4-0). access to the dl is provided by pins txdlclk, txdl, rxdlclk and rxdl, which allow easy interfacing to an external controller. data to be transmit onto the line in the s a bit position is clocked in from t he txdl pad (pin 65 in plcc, pin 62 in mqfp) with the clock txdlclk (pin 64 in plcc, pin 61 in mqfp). although the aggregat e clock rate equals the bit rate, it has a nominal pulse width of 244 ns, and it clocks in the txdl as if it were a 2.048 mb/s data stream. the clock can only be active during bit times 4 to 0 of the stbus frame. the txdl input signal is clocked into the mt9075b by the rising edge of txdlclk. if bits are selected to be a part of the dl, all other programmed functions for those s a bit positions are overridden. the rxdlclk signal (pin 39 in plcc, pin 20 in mqfp) is derived from the receive extracted clock and is aligned with the receive data link output rxdl. the hdb3 decoded receive data, at 2.048 mbit/s, is clocked out add ress able byte s frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 & 15 of a crc-4 multiframe f1 f3 f5 f7 f9 f1 1 f1 3 f1 5 nb b0 s a4 s a4 s a4 s a4 s a4 s a4 s a4 s a4 nb b1 s a5 s a5 s a5 s a5 s a5 s a5 s a5 s a5 nb b2 s a6 s a6 s a6 s a6 s a6 s a6 s a6 s a6 nb b3 s a7 s a7 s a7 s a7 s a7 s a7 s a7 s a7 nb b4 s a8 s a8 s a8 s a8 s a8 s a8 s a8 s a8
mt9075b data sheet 21 zarlink semiconductor inc. of the device on pin rxdl (pin 40 in plcc, pin 21 in mq fp). in order to facilitate the attachment of this data stream to a data link controller, the clock signal rxdl clk consists of positive pulses, of nominal width of 244 ns, during the s a bit cell times that are selected for the data link. again, this selection is made by programming address 10h of master control page 01h. no dl data will be lost or repeated when a receive frame slip occurs. see figures 13-16 for timing requirements. timeslot 16 channel 16 may be used to create a transparent 64 kb/s clear channel. in this event csti (pin 6 in plcc, pin 71 in mqfp) becomes the data input pin for channel 16 transmit data, and csto (pin 5 in plcc, pin 70 in mqfp) becomes a 64 kb/s serial output link. the csto output link is synchronous to the extracted clock timebase. the pin rx64kck (pin 47 in plcc, pin 35 in mqfp) provides a 64 khz clock for use with 64 kb/s data emanating from csto. the 64 kb/s input data from csti is clocked in with an internal 64 khz clock synchronous to the i/o pin c4b (pin 45 in plcc, pin 33 in mqfp) timebase. the internal clock toggles coincident with every second st-bus channel boundary, with the first rising edge of a frame occurring at the beginning of st-bus channel 2. dual hdlc the mt9075b has two identical hdlc controllers (hdlc0, hdlc1) for the s a bits and channel 16 respectively. the following features are common to both hdlc controllers: ? independent transmit and receive fifo's; ? receive fifo maskable interrupts for nearly full (pr ogrammable interrupt levels) and overflow conditions; ? transmit fifo maskable interrupts for nearly empty (programmable interrupt levels) and underflow conditions; ? maskable interrupts for transmit end-of-packet and receive end-of-packet; ? maskable interrupts for receive bad-frame (includes frame abort); ? transmit end-of-packet and frame-abort functions. hdlc0 functions when connected to the data link (dl) hdlc0 will operate at a selected bit rate of 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kbits/sec. hdlc0 can be selected by setting the control bit hdlc0 (bit 7) to one in page 01h, address 14h. when this bit is zero all interrupts from hdlc0 are masked. for more information refer to following sections. hdlc1 functions this controller may be connected to time slot 16 unde r common channel signalling (ccs) mode. it should be noted that the ais16s function (page 03h, address 19h) will always be active and the tais16 function (page 01h, address 16h) will override all other transmit signalling. hdlc1 can be selected by setting the control bit hdlc1 (bit 6) to one in page 01h, address 14h. when this bit is zero all interrupts from hdlc1 are masked. hdlc overview the hdlc handles the bit oriented packet ized data transmission as per x.25 leve l two protocol defined by ccitt. it provides flag and abort sequence generation and detect ion, zero insertion and deletion, and frame check sequence (fcs) generation and detection. a single byte, dual byte and all call address in the received frame can be recognized. access to the receive fcs and inhibiting of transmit fcs for terminal adaptation are also provided. each hdlc controller has a 128 byte deep fifo associated with it. the status and interrupt flags are programmable for fifo depths that can vary from 16 to 128 bytes in steps of 16 bytes. these and other features are enabled through the hdlc cont rol registers on page 0bh and 0ch.
mt9075b data sheet 22 zarlink semiconductor inc. hdlc frame structure a valid hdlc frame (also referred as ?packet?) begins wi th an opening flag, contains at least 16 bits of data field, and ends with a 16 bit fcs followed by a closing flag (table 9). all hdlc frames start and end with a unique flag sequence ?01111110 2 ? (7eh). the transmitter generates these flags and appends them to the packet to be transmitted. the receiver searc hes the incoming data stream for the flags on a bit-by-bit basis to establish frame synchronization. table 9 - hdlc frame format the data field usually consists of an addr ess field, control field and informati on field. the address field consists of one or two bytes directly following the opening flag. the co ntrol field consists of one byte directly following the address field. the information field immediately follows the control field and consists of n bytes of data. the hdlc does not distinguish between the control and informati on fields and a packet does not need to contain an information field to be valid. the fcs field, which precedes the clos ing flag, consists of two bytes. a cyclic red undancy check utilizing the ccitt standard polynomial ?x 16 +x 12 +x 5 +1? produces the 16-bit fcs. in the transmitter the fcs is calculated on all bits of the address and data field. the complement of t he fcs is transmitted, most signi ficant bit first, in the fcs field. the receiver calculates the fcs on the incoming packet address, data and fcs field and compares the result to ?f0b8?. if no transmission errors are detected and the pack et between the flags is at least 32 bits in length then the address and data are entered into the rece ive fifo minus the fcs which is discarded. data transparency (zero insertion/deletion) transparency ensures that the contents of a data pack et do not imitate a flag, go-ahead, frame abort or idle channel. the contents of a transmitted frame, between the flags, is examined on a bit-by-bit basis and a 0 is inserted after all sequences of 5 contiguous 1s (including the last five bits of the fcs). upon receiving five contiguous 1s within a frame the receiver deletes the following 0. invalid frames a frame is invalid if one of the following four conditions exists: ? if the fcs pattern generated from the received data does not match the ?f0b8? pattern then the last data byte of the packet is written to the re ceived fifo with a ?bad packet? indication. ? a short frame exists if there are less than 25 bits betw een the flags. short frames are ignored by the receiver and nothing is written to the receive fifo. ? packets which are at least 25 bits in length but less than 32 bits between the flags are also invalid. in this case the data is written to the fifo but the la st byte is tagged with a ?bad packet? indication. ? if a frame abort sequence is detected the packet is invalid . some or all of the current packet will reside in the receive fifo, assuming the packet length before the abort sequence was at least 26 bits long. frame abort the transmitter will abort a current packet by substituting a zero followed by seven contiguous 1s in place of the normal packet. the receiver will abor t upon reception of seven contiguous 1s occurring between the flags of a packet which contains at least 26 bits. opening flag (7eh) data field fcs closing flag (7eh ) one byte 01111110 n bytes n 2 two bytes one byte 01111110
mt9075b data sheet 23 zarlink semiconductor inc. note that should the last received by te before the frame abort end with cont iguous 1s, these are included in the seven 1s required for a receiver abort. this means that t he location of the abort sequence in the receiver may occur before the location of the abort sequenc e in the originally transmitted pack et. if this happens then the last data written to the receive fifo will no t correspond exactly with the last byte sent before the frame abort. interframe time fill and link channel states when the hdlc transmitter is not sending pa ckets it will wait in one of two states ? interframe time fill state: this is a continuous seri es of flags occurring between frames indicating that the channel is active but that no data is being sent. ? idle state: an idle channel occurs when at least 15 contiguous 1s are transmitted or received. in both states the transmitter will exit the wait state when data is loaded into the transmitter fifo. go-ahead a go-ahead is defined by a 9 bit sequence "011111110" (conti guous 7fs) and hence is the occurrence of a frame abort sequence followed by a zero. this feature is us ed to distinguish a proper in-packet frame abort sequence from one occurring outside of a packet for some special applications hdlc functional description the hdlc controller can be reset by either the reset pin (reset , pin 11 in plcc or pin 84 in mqfp) or by the control bit hrst at address 1bh in page 0bh (for hdlc0) or page 0ch (for hdlc1). when reset, the hdlc control registers are cleared, resulting in the transmitte r and receiver being disabled. the receiver and transmitter can be enabled independent of each other through control register 1 at address 13h. the transceiver input and output are enabled when the enable contro l bits in control register 1 are set. transmit to receive loopback as well as a receive to transmit loopback are also supported. transmit and receive bit rates and enables can operate independently. received packets from the serial interface are sectioned into bytes by an hdlc receiver that detects flags, checks for go-ahead signals, removes inserted zeros, performs a cyclical redundancy check (crc) on incoming data, and monitors the address if required. pack et reception begins upon detection of an opening flag. the resulting bytes are concatenated with two status bits (rq9 and rq8 at addr ess 14h) and placed in a receiver first-in-first-out buffer (rx fifo). register 14h also contains control bits that generate status and inte rrupts for microprocessor read control. in conjunction with the control circuitry, the micropro cessor writes data bytes into a transmit buffer (tx fifo) register that generates status and interrupts. packet transmission begi ns when the microprocessor writes a byte to the tx fifo. two status bits are added to the tx fifo for transmitter control of frame aborts (fa) and end of packet (eop) flags. packets have flags appended, zeros inserted, and an fcs, added automatically during serial transmission. when the tx fifo is empty and finished s ending a packet, interframe time fill bytes (continuous flags (7e hex)), or mark idle (continuous ones) are transmitted to indicate that the channel is idle. hdlc transmitte r following initialization and enabling, t he transmitter is in the idle channel state (mark idle), continuously sending ones. interframe time fill state (flag idle) is selected by setting the mark idle bit in control register 1 to one 1 . the transmitter remains in either of these two states until data is written to the tx fifo. control register 1 bits eop (end of packet) and fa (frame abort) are set as status bits before the microprocessor loads 8 bits of data into the 1. if the mt9075b hdlc transmitte r is set up in the interframe time fill state (b it 2 mark-idle =1, page b or c, address 13h), then it will occasionally (less than 1% of the time) fail to transmit the opening flag when it is changed from the disabled state to the ena bled state (bit 5 txen changed from 0 to 1). a mi ssing opening flag will cause the packet to be lost at the receiving end. this problem only affects the first packet transmitted after the hdlc transmitter is enabled. subsequent packets are unaffected .
mt9075b data sheet 24 zarlink semiconductor inc. 10 bit wide fifo (8 bits data and 2 bits status). to chang e the tag bits being loaded in the fifo, control register 1 must be written to before writing to the fifo. however, eop and fa are rese t after writing to the tx fifo. the transmit byte count register may also be used to tag an eop. the register is load ed with the number of bytes in the packet and decrements after every write to the tx fifo . when a count of one is reached, the next byte written to the fifo is tagged as an end of pack et. the register may be made to cycle through the same count if the packets are of the same length by setting c ontrol register 2, bit cycle (at addres s 15h of page 0bh for hdlc0 or 0ch for hdlc1). if the transmitter is in the idle channel state when data is written to the tx fifo, then an opening flag is sent and data from tx fifo follows. otherwise, data bytes are tr ansmitted as soon as the current flag byte has been sent. tx fifo data bytes are continuously transm itted until either the fifo is empty or an eop or fa status bit is read by the transmitter. after the last bit of the eop byte has been transmitted, a 16-bit fcs is sent followed by a closing flag. when multiple packets of data are loaded in to tx fifo, only one flag is sent between packets. frame aborts (fa, the transmission of 7f hex), are transmit ted by tagging a byte previously written to the tx fifo. when a byte has an fa tag, then an fa is sent instead of that tagged byte. that is, all bytes previous to but not including that byte are sent. after an fa, the transmitter re turns to the mark idle or interframe time fill state, depending on the state of the mark idle control bit. tx fifo underrun will occur if the fifo empties and the la st byte did not have either an eop or fa tag. a frame abort sequence will be sent when an underrun occurs. below is an example of the transmission of a three byte packet (?aa??03??77? hex) (interframe time fill). txen can be enabled before or after this sequence. (a) write?04? to control register 1 - mark idle bit set (b) write?aa? to tx fifo -data byte (c) write?03? to tx fifo - data byte (d) write?34? to control register 1 - txen; eop; mark idle bits set (e) write?77? to tx fifo - final data byte the transmitter may be enabled independent ly of the receiver. this is done by setting the txen bit of the control register. enabling happens immediately upon writing to t he register. disabling using txen will occur after the completion of the transmission of the present packet; the c ontents of the fifo are not cleared. disabling will consist of stopping the transmitter clock. the status and interrup t registers may still be read, and the fifo and control registers may be written to while the transmitter is dis abled. the transmitted fcs may be inhibited using the tcrci bit of control register 2. in this mode the opening fl ag followed by the data and closing flag is sent and zero insertion is still included, but no fcs. that is, the fcs is injected by the microprocessor as part of the data field. this is used in v.120 terminal adaptation fo r synchronous protocol sensitive ui frames. hdlc receiver after initialization and enabling, the receiver clocks in se rial data, continuously checking for go-aheads (0 1111 1110), flags (0111 1110), and idle channel states (at l east fifteen ones). when a flag is detected, the receiver synchronizes itself to the serial stream of data bits, automatically calculating the fc s. if the data length between flags after zero removal is less than 25 bits, then the packet is ignored so no bytes are loaded into rx fifo . when the data length after zero removal is between 25 and 31 bits, a first byte and bad fcs code are loaded into the rx fifo. for an error-free packet, the result in the crc r egister should match the hex pattern of ?f0b8? when a closing flag is detected. if address recognition is required, t he receiver address recognition registers (address 10h and 11h) are loaded with the desired address and the adrec bit in the control register 1 (address 13h) is set to one. bit 0 of the address registers is used as an enable bit for that byte, thus al lowing either or both of the first two bytes to be compared to the expected values. in addition, seven bits of address comparison can be re alized on the first byte if this is a single byte address by setting the seven bit of control register 2 (address 15h).
mt9075b data sheet 25 zarlink semiconductor inc. two status register bits (rq8 and rq9) are appended to ea ch data byte as it is written to the rx fifo. they indicate that a good packet has been received (good fcs and no frame abort), or a bad packet with either incorrect fcs or frame abort. the status and inte rrupt registers should be read before reading the rx fifo since status and interrupt information correspond to the byte at the output of the fifo (i.e., the byte about to be read). the status register bits are encoded as follows: rq9 rq8 byte status 1 1 last byte (bad packet) 0 1 bad packet 1 0 last byte (good packet) 0 0 packet byte the end-of-packet-detect (eopd) interrupt indicates that the last byte written to the rx fifo was an eop byte. the end-of-packet-read (eopr) in terrupt indicates that the by te about to be read from the rx fifo is an eop byte. the status register should be read to see if the packet is good or bad before the byte is read. a minimum size packet has an 8-bit address, an 8-bi t control byte, and a 16-bit fc s pattern between the opening and closing flags. thus, the absence of a data transmission e rror and a frame length of at least 32 bits results in the receiver writing a valid packet code with the eop byte into rx fifo. the last 16 bits before the closing flag are regarded as the fcs pattern and will not be transferred to the receiver fifo . only data bytes (address, control, information) are loaded into the rx fifo. in the case of an rx fifo overflow, no clocking occurs until a new opening flag is received. in other words, the remainder of the packet is not clocked into the fifo. also, the top byte of the fifo will not be written over. if the fifo is read before the reception of the next packet then reception of that pack et will occur. if two beginning of packet conditions (rq9=0; rq8=1) are seen in the fi fo, without an intermediate eop status, then overflow occurred for the first packet. the receiver may be enabled independently of the transmitter. this is done by setting the rxen bit of control register 1. enabling happens immediately upon writing to th e register. disabling using rxen will occur after the present packet has been completely loaded into the fifo. disabling can occur during a packet if no bytes have been written to the fifo yet. disabling will consist of di sabling the internal receive clock. the fifo, status, and interrupt registers may still be read while the receiver is disabled. note that the re ceiver requires a flag before processing a frame, thus if the receiver is enabled in the middle of an incoming packet it will ignore that packet and wait for the next complete one. the receive crc (fcs) can be monitored in the rx crc registers (address 18h and 19h). these registers contain the actual crc sent by the other transmitter in its original form, that is, msb first and bits inverted. these registers are updated by each end of packet (closing flag) received and therefore s hould be read when an end of packet is received so that the next packet does not overwrite the registers. slip buffer in addition to the elastic buffer in t he jitter attenuator(ja), a nother elastic buffer (two frames deep) is present, attached between the receive side and the st-bus (or gci bus) side of the mt9075b. this elastic buffer is configured as a slip buffer which absorbs wander and low frequency jitter in multi-trunk applications. the received pcm 30 data is clocked into the slip buffer with the e2o clock and is clocked out of the slip buffer with the c4b clock. the e2o extracted clock is generated from, and is theref ore phase-locked with, the receive pcm 30 data. in normal operation, the e2o clock will be phase-locked to the c4b clock by an external phase locked loop (pll). therefore, in a single trunk system the receive data is in phase with the e2o clock, the c4b clock is phase-locked to the e2o clock, and the read and write positions of the slip buffer will remain fixed wi th respect to each other. in a multi-trunk slave or l oop-timed system (i.e., pabx application) a single trunk will be chosen as a network synchronizer, which will function as described in the previous par agraph. the remain ing trunks will use the system timing derived from the synchronizer to clock data out of their slip buffers. even thou gh the pcm 30 signals from the network are synchronous to each other, due to multiplexi ng, transmission impairments and route diversity, these
mt9075b data sheet 26 zarlink semiconductor inc. signals may jitter or wander with respect to the sync hronizing trunk signal. theref ore, the e2o clocks of non- synchronizer trunks may wander with respect to t he e2o clock of the synchr onizer and the system bus. network standards state that, within limits, trunk interfaces must be able to receive error-free data in the presence of jitter and wander (refer to netw ork requirements for jitter and wander tolerance). the mt9075b will allow a maximum of 26 channels (208 ui, unit in tervals) of wander and low frequency jit ter before a frame slip will occur. the minimum delay through the receive slip buffer is approximately two channels and the maximum delay is approximately 60 channels (see figure 9). when the c4b and the e2o clocks are not phase-locked, the rate at which data is being written into the slip buffer from the pcm 30 side may differ from the rate at whic h it is being read out onto t he st-bus. if this situation persists, the delay limits stated in the previous paragraph will be violated and the slip buffer will perform a controlled frame slip. that is, the buffer pointers will be automatically adjusted so that a full pcm 30 frame is either repeated or lost. all frame slips occur on pcm 30 frame boundaries. two status bits, rslip and rslpd (page 03h, address 15h), give indication of a slip occurrence and direction. rslip changes state in the event of a slip. if rslpd=0, the slip buffer has overflowed and a frame was lost; if rslpd=1, a underflow condition occurred and a frame was repeated. a maskable interrupt slpi (page 01h, address 1bh) is also provided. figure 9 illustrates the relationship between the read and write pointers of the rece ive slip buffer. measuring clockwise from the write pointer, if th e read pointer comes within two channels of the write pointer a frame slip will occur, which will put the read pointer 34 channels from the write pointer. conversely, if the read pointer moves more than 60 channels from the write pointer, a slip will occur, which will put the read pointer 28 c hannels from the write pointer. this provides a worst case hysteresis of 13 channels peak (26 chann els peak-to-peak) or a wander tolerance of 208 ui. figure 9 - read and write pointers in the slip buffers framing algorithm the mt9075b contains three distinct framing algorithms: basic frame alignment, signal ling multiframe alignment and crc-4 multiframe alignment. figure 10 is a state diagram that illustrates t hese algorithms and how they interact. after power-up, the basic frame alignm ent framer will search for a frame al ignment signal (fas) in the pcm 30 receive bit stream. once the fas is detected, the corres ponding bit 2 of the non-fram e alignment signal (nfas) is checked. if bit 2 of the nfas is zero a new search for basi c frame alignment is initiated. if bit 2 of the nfas is one write pointer 60 ch 2 ch 47 ch 15 ch 34 ch 28 ch 512 bit elastic store 13 ch -13 ch wander tolerance read pointer read pointer read pointer read pointer 26 channels
mt9075b data sheet 27 zarlink semiconductor inc. and the next fas is correct, the algor ithm declares that basic frame sync hronization has been found (i.e., page 03h, address 10h, bit 7, sync is zero). once basic frame alignment is acquired the signalling and crc-4 multiframe searches will be initiated. the signalling multiframe algorithm will ali gn to the first multiframe alignment signa l pattern (mfas = 0000) it receives in the most significant nibbl e of channel 16 (page 3, address 10h, bit 6, mfsync = 0). signalling multiframing will be lost when two consecutive multiframes are received in error. the crc-4 multiframe alignment signal is a 001011 bit s equence that appears in pcm 30 bit position one of the nfas in frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 (see table 7). in order to achieve crc-4 synchr onization two crc-4 multiframe alignment signals must be received wit hout error (page 03h, address 10h, bit 5, crcsyn = 0) within 8 msec. the mt9075b framing algorithm supports automatic interwor king of interfaces with and without crc-4 processing capabilities. that is, if an interf ace with crc-4 capability, achieves va lid basic frame alignment, but does not achieve crc-4 multiframe alignment by the end of a predefined period, the distant end is considered to be a non- crc-4 interface. when the distant end is a non-crc-4 in terface, the near end automatically suspends receive crc-4 functions, continues to transmit crc-4 data to the distant end with its e-bits set to zero, and provides a status indication. naturally, if the distant end initially achi eves crc-4 synchron ization, crc-4 processing will be carried out by both ends. this featur e is selected when control bit autc (page 01h, address 11h) is set to zero. notes for synchronization state diagram (figure 10) 1. the basic frame alignment, signalling multiframe alig nment, and crc-4 multiframe alignment functions operate in parallel and are independent. 2. the receive channel associated signal ling bits and signalling multiframe a lignment bit will be frozen when multi- frame alignment is lost. 3. manual re-framing of the receive basic frame alignm ent and signalling multiframe alignment functions can be performed at any time. 4. the transmit rai bit will be one until basic fram e alignment is established, then it will be zero. 5. e-bits can be optionally set to zero until the equipment interworking relationship is established. when this has been determined one of the following will take place: a. crc-to-non-crc operation - e-bits = 0, b. crc-to-crc operation - e-bits as per g.704 and i.431. 6. all manual re-frames and new basic frame alignment sear ches start after the current frame alignment signal position. 7. after basic frame alignment has been achieved, loss of frame alignment will occur any time three consecutive incorrect basic frame alignment signals are received. los s of basic frame alignment will reset the complete framing algorithm. 8. when crc-4 multiframing has been ac hieved, the primary basic frame al ignment and resulting multiframe alignment will be adjusted to the basic frame alignment determined during crc-4 synchronization. therefore, the primary basic frame alig nment will not be updated during the crc-4 multiframing sear ch, but will be updated when the crc-4 multiframing search is complete.
mt9075b data sheet 28 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 10 - synchronization state diagram >914 crc errors in one second no 3 consecutive incorrect frame alignment signals yes crc-to-non-crc interworking. maintain primary basic frame alignment. continue to send crc-4 data, but stop crc processing. e-bits set to ?0?. indicate crc-to-non-crc operation. note 7. search for primary basic frame alignment signal rai=1, es=0. out of synchronization verify bit 2 of non-frame alignment signal. parallel search for new basic frame alignment signal. notes 6 & 7. yes yes 400 msec timer expired no crc multiframe alignment * only if crc-4 synchronization is selected and automatic crc-4 interworking is de-selected. ** only if automatic crc-4 interworking is selected. crc-to-crc interworking. re-align to new basic frame alignment. start crc-4 processing. e-bits set as per g.704 and i.431. indicate crc synchronization achieved. notes 7& 8. signalling multi-frame alignment primary basic frame synchronization acquired. enable traffic rai=0, e?s=0. start loss of primary basic frame alignment checking. notes 7 & 8. yes crc-4 multi-frame alignment yes verify second occurrence of frame alignment signal. start 8 msec timer. note 7. multiframe synchronization acquired as per g.732. note 7. find two crc frame alignment signals. note 7. check for two consecutive errored multiframe alignment signals. notes 7 & 8. start 400 msec timer. note 7. search for multiframe alignment signal. note 7. no no no yes basic frame alignment acquired no crc multiframe alignment. no crc multiframe alignment. 8 msec. timer expired* 8 msec only if crc-4 synchronization is selected and automatic crc-4 interworking is de-selected rai = 0 rai = 1
mt9075b data sheet 29 zarlink semiconductor inc. channel signalling when control bit txccs (page 01h, ad dress 1ah) is set to one, the mt9075b is in common ch annel signalling (ccs) mode. when txccs is low it is in channel as sociated signalling mode (cas). the cas mode abcd signalling nibbles can be passed either via the micro- ports (when page 01h, address 1ah, bit 3, rpsig = 1) or through related channels of the csto and csti serial links (when rpsig = 0). memory page 05h contains the receive abcd nibbles and page 06h the transmit abcd nibbles for micro-port cas access. in cas operation an abcd signalling bit debounce of 14 msec . can be selected by writing a one to dbnce (page 02h, address 10h, bit 0)). this is consistent with the signalling recognition time of itu-t q.422. it should be noted that there may be as much as 2 msec. added to this duration because signalling equipment state changes are not synchronous with the pcm 30 multiframe. if multiframe synchronization is lo st (page 03h, address 10h, bit 6, mfsync = 1) all receive cas signalling nibbles are frozen. receive cas nibbles wi ll become unfrozen when multifra me synchronization is acquired. when the cas signalling interrupt is unmasked (page 01h, address 1ch, bit 0, sigi=1), pin irq (pin 12 in plcc, 85 in mqfp) will become active when a signalling nibbl e state change is detected in any of the 30 receive channels. the sigi interrupt vector (page 04h, address 12h) is 01h. in ccs mode the data transmit on channel 16 is either s ourced from channel 16 data on dsti or from the pin csti. if 64kccs (page 01h, address 1ah, bit 0) is zero the data is sourced from dsti. if 64kccs is high data destined for channel 16 is clocked in from csti (pin 6 in plcc, pin 71 in mqfp) with an internal 64 khz clock divided down from c4b . data received from channel 16 is clocked out on csto (pin 5 in plcc, pin 70 in mqfp). by dividing down the extracted 2.048 mhz clo ck, a 64 khz receive clock synchronous with the data is created. this signal is output on rx64kck (pin 47 in plcc, pin 35 in mqfp). loopbacks in order to meet pri layer 1 requirements and to assist in circuit fault sectionaliz ation, the mt9075b has six loopback functions. the control bits for digital, remote, st-bus, payload and metallic loopbacks are located on page 01h, address 15h. the remote and local time slot loopbacks are controlled through control bits 5 and 4 of the per time slot control words on pages 07h and 08h. a) digital loopback (dg loop) - dsti to dsto at the framer liu interface. bit dlbk = 0 normal; dlbk = 1 activate. b) remote loopback (rm loop) - rtip and rring to ttip and tring respectively at the pcm 30 side. bit rlbk = 0 normal; rlbk = 1 activate. c) st-bus loopback (st loop) - dsti to dsto at the system side. bit slbk = 0 normal; slbk = 1 activate. mt9075b tx dsti dsto system pcm30 mt9075b tx dsto system pcm30 rx
mt9075b data sheet 30 zarlink semiconductor inc. d) payload loopback (pl loop) - rtip and rring to ttip and tring respectively at the system side with fas and nfas operating normally. bit plbk = 0 normal; plbk = 1 activate. the payload loopback is effectively a physical connection of dsto to dsti within the mt9075b . channel zero and the dl originate at the point of loopback. e) metallic loopback (mt loop) - the external signals rtip and rring are isolated from the receiver and the analog outputs ttip and tring are internally connected to the receiver analog input. bit mlbk = 0 normal; mlbk = 1 activate. f) local and remote time slot loopback . remote time slot loopback control bit rtsl = 0 normal; rtsl = 1 activate, will loop around receive pcm 30 time slots to the transmit pcm 30 time slots. local time slot loopback bit ltsl = 0 normal; ltsl = 1 activate, will loop around dsti time slots towards the dsto time slots. error counters the mt9075b has nine error counters, which can be used for maintenance testing, an ongoing measure of the quality of a pcm 30 link and to assist the designer in me eting specifications such as itu-t i.431 and g.821. all counters can be preset or cleared by writing to the appropriate locations. a separate status page - ?1 second status? on page 09h - latches the states of the followi ng counters: e-bit error count er, errored frame alignment signal counter, bipolar violat ion counter and crc error counter on a one se cond interval, coincident with the one second status bit. associated with each counter is a maskable event occurren ce interrupt and a maskable counter overflow interrupt. overflow interrupts are useful when cumu lative error counts are being recorded . for example, every time the frame error counter overflow (fero) interrupt occurs, 256 frame errors have been received since the last fero interrupt. all counters are cleared and held low by programming the counter clear bit (master control page 01h, address 1ah, bit 2) high. counter overflows set bits in the counter overflow latch (page 04h, address 16h); this latch is cleared when read. mt9075b tx dsti dsto system pcm30 mt9075b tx dsti dsto system pcm30 rx mt9075b tx dsti dsto system pcm30 rx mt9075b tx dsti dsto system pcm30 rx
mt9075b data sheet 31 zarlink semiconductor inc. the overflow reporting latch (page 04h, address 16h) c ontains a register whose bits are set when individual counters overflow. these bits stay high until the register is read. prbs error counter (ps7-0) there are two 8 bit counters associated with prbs comparison ; one for errors and one for time. any errors that are detected in the receive prbs will increment the prbs error rate counter of page 04h, address 10h. writes to this counter will clear an 8 bit c ounter, psm7-0 (page 01h, add ress 11h) which counts re ceive crc-4 multiframes. a maskable prbs counter overflow (prbso) interrupt (pa ge 1, address 19h) is associated with this counter. crc multiframe counter for prbs (psm7-0) this eight bit counter counts receive crc-4 multiframes. it can be directly loaded via th e microport. the counter will also be automatically cleared in the even t that the prbs error counter is written to by the microport. this counter is located on page 04h, address 11h. e-bit counter (ec9-0) e-bit errors are counted by the mt9075b in order to support compliance with itu-t requirements. this ten bit counter is located on page 04h, addresses 13h and 14h respec tively. it is incremented by single error events, with a maximum rate of twice per crc-4 multiframe. there are two maskable interrupts associated with th e e-bit error measurement. ebi (page 1, address 1ch) is initiated when the least significant bi t of the counter toggles, and ebo (page 01h, address 1dh) is initiated when the counter overflows. jitter fifo counter (jfc7-0) this is an eight bit counter that is in cremented when the fifo re ad pointer comes within 4 words of an underflow or overflow condition . during this time the read clock will abruptly speed-up or slow-down to avoid an overflow or underflow condition. this counter is located on page 04h, address 15h. loss of synchronization counter (lbf7-0) this eight bit counter increments with each loss of basic frame alignment. this programmable counter is located on page 04h, address 17h. bit error rate counter (br7-br0) an 8 bit error rate (bert) counter br7 - br0 is located on page 04h address 18h, and is incremented once for every bit detected in error on either t he seven frame alignment signal bits. there are two maskable interrupts associated with the bi t error rate measurement. beri (page 01h, address 1ch) is initiated when the least significant bit of the bert counter (br0) toggles, and bero (page 01h, address 1dh) is initiated when the bert counter value changes from ffh to 00h. errored fas counter (efas7-efas0) an eight bit frame alignment signal error counter efas7 - efas0 is located on page 04h address 1ah, and is incremented once for every receive frame alignment signal that contains one or more errors. there are two maskable interrupts asso ciated with the frame alignment sig nal error measurement. feri (page 01h, address 1bh) is initiated when the least significant bit of the errored frame alignment signal counter toggles, and fero (page 01h, address 1dh) is initiated when the counter changes from ffh to 00h.
mt9075b data sheet 32 zarlink semiconductor inc. bipolar violation error counter (bpv15-bpv0) the bipolar violation error counter will count bipolar violations or encoding errors that are not part of hdb3 encoding. this counter bpv15-bpv0 is 16 bits long (p age 04h, addresses 1dh and 1ch) and is incremented once for every bpv error received. it should be noted that w hen presetting or clearing the bpv error counter, the least significant bpv counter address should be writte n to before the most significant location. there are two maskable interrupts asso ciated with the bipolar violation error measurement. bpvi (page 01h, address 1ch) is initiated when the least significant bit of the bpv error counter toggles. bpvo (page 01h, address 1bh) is initiated when the counter changes from ffffh to 0000h. crc error counter (cc9-0) crc-4 errors are counted by the mt9075b in order to s upport compliance with itu-t requirements. this ten bit counter is located on page 04h, addresses 1eh and 1fh res pectively. it is incremented by single error events, which is a maximum rate of twice per crc-4 multiframe. there is a maskable interrupts associated with the c rc error measurement. crci (page 01h, address 1ch) is initiated when the least significant bit of the counter t oggles, and crco (page 01h, address 1dh) is initiated when the counter overflows. error insertion six types of error conditions can be inserted into the tr ansmit pcm 30 data stream through control bits, which are located on page 02h, address 10h. these error events in clude the bipolar violation errors (bpve), crc-4 errors (crce), fas errors (fase), nfas errors (nfse), payload (perr) and a loss of signal error (lose). the lose function overrides the hdb 3 encoding function. per time slot control there are two per time slot control pages (page 07h and 08h) occupying a total of 32 unique addresses. each address controls a matching timeslot on the 32 transmit channels (onto the line) and t he equivalent channel data on the receive (dsto) data. for example, a ddress 0 of the first per time slot c ontrol page contains program control for transmit timeslot 0 and dsto channel 0. per time slot looping any channel or combination of channels may be looped fr om transmit (sourced from dsti) to receive (output on dsto) stbus channels. when bit 4 (ltsl) in the per time slot control word is set t he data from the equivalent transmit timeslot is looped back on to the equivalent receive channel. any channel or combination of channels may be looped from receive (sourced from the line data) to transmit (output onto the line) channels. when bit 5 (rtsl) in the per time slot control word is set the data from the equivalent receive timeslot is looped ba ck onto the equivalent transmit channel. prbs testing if the control bit adseq is zero (from master control page 02h address 13h - access control word), any channel or combination of transmit channels may be programmed to contain a generated pseudo random bit sequence (2 15 -1). the channels are selected by setting bit 3 (ttst) in the per time slot control word. 1. if the control bit adseq is zero any combination of receive channels may be connected to the prbs decoder (2 15 -1). each error in the incoming sequence causes th e prbs error counter to increment. the receive chan- nels are selected by setting bit 2 (rrst) in the per time slot control word. if the prbs testing is performed in a metallic or external looparound the per time slot control words with ttst (transmit test, bit 3) set should have rrst (r eceive test, bit 2) set at the same time.
mt9075b data sheet 33 zarlink semiconductor inc. a-law milliwatt if the control bit adseq is one (from master control page 02h - access cont rol word), the a-law digital milliwatt sequence (table 10), defined by g.711, is available to be transmit on any combination of selected channels. the channels are selected by setting bit 3 (tts t), in the per time slot control word. the same sequence is available to replace received data on any combination of dsto channels. this is accomplished by setting bit 2 (rrst) in the per time slot control word for the corresponding channel. table 10 - a-law digital milliwatt pattern message mode the transmit data on any of the transmit channels may be sourced either from the equiv alent dsti channel or from a dual port ram programmed by the micr oport. the address of each dual port ram memory location is uniquely associated with a transmit channel number. when bit 7 (txm sg) in the per time slot control word for that channel is set the transmit data for the channel is sourced fr om within the transmit message page dual port ram (on page 0fh and 10h). receive data may also be read by the microprocessor port. the rx message mode dual port rams (on page 11h and 12h) have a unique address associated with each in coming line channel. when the processor reads any of the 32 memory locations, it reads the last byte received from the corresponding channel. alarms the following alarms are detected by the receiv er. each may generate a maskable interrupt: ? remote alarm indication (rai) - bit 3 (a) of the receive nfas; ? alarm indication signal (ais) - unframed all ones signal for at least a double frame (512 bits) or two double frames (1024 bits); ? channel 16 alarm indication signal - all ones signal in channel 16; ? auxiliary pattern - 101010... patt ern for at least 512 bits; ? loss of signal - a loss of signal condition occurs when the receive signal is detected with more than 127 consecutive zeros. a loss of signal condition will term inate when an average ones density of at least 12.5% has been received over a period of 127 cont iguous pulse positions starting with a pulse. ? remote signalling multiframe alarm - bit 6 (y-bit) of the multiframe alignment signal. ? t1 - (t1 timer bit on page 03h address 12h) this status bit (and maskable interrupt) shall be high when a signal that is not normal has been received for a minimum of 100 msec. this bit will be low when a normal signal is being received. bit 1 bit 2 bit 3 bit 4 bit 5 bit 6 bit 7 bit 8 00110100 00100001 00100001 00110100 10110100 10100001 10100001 10110100
mt9075b data sheet 34 zarlink semiconductor inc. ? t2 - (t2 timer bit on page 03h address 12h) this status bit (and maskable interrupt) shall be high when a normal signal has been received for a minimum of 10 msec . this bit will be low when an abnormal signal is being received. the alarm reporting latch (addr ess 1bh page 04h) contains a register w hose bits are set high for selected alarms. these bits stay high until the register is read. this allo ws the controller to record intermittent or sporadic alarm occurrences. automatic alarms the transmission of rai and signalling multiframe alarms can be made to function automatically from control bits arai and auty (page 01h, address 11h) when arai = 0 and basic frame synchronization is lost (page 03h, address 10h, bit 7, sync = 1), the mt9075 will automatically transmit the rai alarm signal to the far end of the link. the transmission of this alarm signal will cease when basic frame alignment is acquired. when auty = 0 and signalling multiframe alignment is not acquired (page 03h, address 10h, bit 6, mfsync = 1), the mt9075 will automatically transmit the multiframe alarm (y-bit) signal to the far end of the link. this transmission will cease when signalling multiframe alignment is acquired. interrupts the mt9075b has an extensive suite of maskable interrupts , which are divided into eight categories based on the type of event that caused the interrupt. each interrup t category has an associated interrupt vector described in table 11. when unmasked interrupts occur, irq will go low and one or more bits of the interrupt vector iv7-iv0 (page 04h, address 12h) will go high. after the interrupt vector is read it is automatically cleared and irq will return to a high impedance state. the interrupt acknowledgment function can also be accomplished by toggling the inta bit (page 01h, address 1ah). all the interrupts of the mt9075b are maskable. this is accomplished through the corresponding interrupt mask words on page 01h (except for the hdlc interrupt mask registers which are lo cated on page 0bh and 0ch). national use bit interrupt mask word (address 19h) bit 7 bit 0 interrupt mask word zero (address 1bh) bit 7 bit 0 interrupt mask word one (address 1ch) bit 7 bit 0 interrupt mask word two (address 1dh) bit 7 bit 0 - - - prbso prbs sanibi sabiti c8sa6i sa6i sa5i syni raii aisi aisi6i losi feri bpvo slpi ebi crci cefi bpvi rcr1 rcr0 beri sigi ebo crco calni fero jai bero auxpi cmfo
mt9075b data sheet 35 zarlink semiconductor inc. interrupt mask word three (address 1eh) bit 7 bit 0 hdlc interrupt masks (page 0bh&0ch, address 16h) bit 7 bit 0 after a device reset (reset pin or rst control bit), interrupts from the following interrupt mask words are masked: ? national use bit interrupt mask word ? interrupt mask words one through three. ? hdlc interrupt mask word. and the interrupts of mask word zero are unmasked. all interrupts may be suspended, without changing the in terrupt mask words, by making the spnd control bit (page 01h, address 1ah) high. also, when pin tais is held low, all interrupts are suspended automatically. this allows for system initialization without spurious interrupts. mfsyi csyni - - - yi 1sec t1i t2i - - - ga eopd teop eopr txfl fatxu rxff rxov interrupt category and vector interrupt description synchronization d7 d0 10000000 syni - loss of synchronization. mfsyi - loss of multiframe sync. csyni - loss of crc-4 sync. yi - remote multiframe sync. fail. alarm d7 d0 01000000 raii - remote alarm indication. aisi - alarm indication signal. ais16i - ais on channel 16. losi - loss of signal. auxpi - auxiliary pattern. counter indication d7 d0 00100000 ebi - receive e-bit error. crci - crc-4 error. cefi - consecutive errored fass. feri - frame alignment signal error. bpvi - bipolar violation error. rcr0 - rai and crc error active. rcr1 - rai and crc error end. beri - bit error. counter overflow d7 d0 00010000 ebo - receive e-bit error. crco - crc-4 error. fero - frame alignment signal. bpvo - bipolar violation. bero - bit error. cmfo - crc-4 multiframe. one second d7 d0 00001000 1seci - one second timer. calni - crc-4 mult iframe alignment. t1i - timer t1 expires. t2i - timer t2 expires.
mt9075b data sheet 36 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 11 - mt9075b interrupt vectors (iv7 - iv0) slip d7 d0 00000100 slpi - receive slip. jai - jitter attenuator error. national use/hdlc0 d7 d0 00000010 prbso-prbs error co unter overflow prbsi - prbs single error sanibi - changed s a5,6,7 or 8 nibble sabiti - changed s a5,6,7 or 8 bits c8sa6i- sequence of 8 s a6 nibbles. sa6i - changed s a6 nibbles. sa5i - changed s a5 bits. hdlc0 - status signal- ling/hdlc1 d7 d0 00000001 sigi-receive sign alling bit change. hdlc1 - status. interrupt category and vector interrupt description
mt9075b data sheet 37 zarlink semiconductor inc. control and status registers master control 1 (page 01h) address (a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 ) register names 10h (table 13) multiframe, national bit buffer and data link selection word asel, mfsel, nbtb & s a4 - s a8 11h (table 14) mode selection control word tiu0, crcm, rst, arai , auty , txtrsp, csyn & autc 12h (table 15) non-frame alignment control word tiu1, talm & tnu4-8 13h (table 16) transmit multiframe al ignment signal tma1-4, x1, y, x2 & x3 14h (table 17) hdlc selection word hdlc0, hdlc1, rxtrsp 15h (table 18) coding and loopback control word mlbk, hdb3 , mfrf, dlbk, rlbk, slbk & plbk 16h (table 19) transmit alarm control word tais, tais0, tais16, te, refrm, 64ksel, dstode & cstode 17h reserved set all bits to zero for normal operation. 18h --- unused. 19h (table 20) national use bit in terrupt mask word prbso,prbsi,s a nibi,s a biti,c8s a6 i, s a6 i, s a5 i 1ah (table 21) interrupt, signalling and bert control word ode, spnd, inta, txccs, rpsig, cntclr & msn, 64kccs 1bh (table 22) interrupt mask word zero syn i, raii, aisi, ais16i, losi, feri, bpvo & slpi 1ch (table 23) interrupt mask word one ebi, crci, cefi, bpvi, rcr0i, rcr1i, beri & sigi 1dh (table 24) interrupt mask word two eboi, crcoi, calni, feroi, jai, beroi, auxpi & cmfoi 1eh (table 25) interrupt mask word th ree mfsyi, csyni, yi, 1seci, t1i, t2i 1fh (table 26) transmit pulse control word ctxp, ll0, ll1, ll2 table 12 - master control 1 (page 01h)
mt9075b data sheet 38 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 13 - multiframe national bit buffer and dl selection word (page 01h, address 10h) bit name functional description 7 asel (0) ais select. this bit selects the criteria on which the detection of a valid alarm indication signal (ais) is based. if zero, the criteria is less than three zeros in a two frame period (512 bits). if one, the criteria is less than three zeros in each of two consecutive double-frame periods (512 bits per double-frame). 6 mfsel (0) multiframe select. this bit determines which receive multiframe signal (crc-4 or signalling) the rxmf (pin 42 in plcc, 23 in mqfp) signal is aligned with. if zero, rxmf is aligned with the receive signalling multiframe. if one, rxmf is aligned with the receive crc-4 multiframe. 5nbtb (0) national bit transmit buffer. if one, the transmit nfas si gnal originates from the transmit national bit buffer; if zero, the transmit nfas signal originates from the tnu4-8 bits of page 01h, address 12h. 4 - 0 s a4 - s a8 (00000) a one selects the corresponding s a bits of the nfa signal for 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kbits/sec. data link channel. data link (dl) selection will function in termination mode only; in transmit transparent mode s a4 is automatically selected - see txtrsp control bit of page 01h, address 11h. if zero, the corresponding bits of transmit non- frame alignment signal are programmed by the non-frame alignment control word (page 01h, address 12h). bit name functional description 7tiu0 (0) transmit international use zero. when crc-4 operation is disabled (csyn =1), this bit is transmit on the pcm 30 2048 kbit /sec. link in bit position one of time-slot zero of frame-alignment frames. it is reserved for international use and should normally be kept at one. if crc processing is used, i.e., csyn =0, this bit is ignored. 6 crcm (0) crc-4 modification. if one, activates the crc-4 remainder modification function when the device is in tr ansparent mode. the received crc-4 remainder is modified to reflect only the changes in the transmit dl. if zero, time slot zero data from dsti will not be modified in transparent mode. 5rst (0) reset . when this bit is changed from zero to one the device will reset to its default mode. see the reset operation section for the default settings. 4arai (0) automatic rai operation. if zero, the remote alarm indication bit (the a bit) will function automatically. that is, rai=0 when basic synchronization has been acquired and rai=1 when basic synchroni zation has not been acquired. if one, the remote alarm indication bit is contro lled through the talm bit of the transmit non-frame alignment control word. 3auty (0) automatic y-bit operation. if zero, the y-bit of the transmit multiframe alignment signal will report the multiframe alignment status to the far end i.e., zero - multiframe alignment acquired, one - lost. if one, the y-bit is under the manual control of the transmit multiframe alignment control word. table 14 - mode selection control word (page 01h, address 11h)
mt9075b data sheet 39 zarlink semiconductor inc. 2txtrsp (0) transmit transparent mode. if one, the mt9075b is in transmit transparent mode. no framing or signaling is imposed on the data transmit from dsti onto the line. if zero, it is in termination mode. 1 csyn (0) crc-4 synchronization. if zero, basic crc-4 sy nchronization processing is activated, and tiu0 bit and tiu1 bit programming will be overwritten. if one, crc-4 synchronization is disabled, t he first bits of channel 0 are used as international use bits and are programmed by tiu0 and tiu1. 0autc (0) automatic crc-interworking. if zero, automatic crc-inte rworking is activated. if one, it is deactivated. see framing al gorithm section for a detail description. bit name functional description 7tiu1 (1) transmit international use one. when crc-4 operation is disabled (csyn =1), this bit is transmit on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position one of time-slot zero of non-frame-alignment frames. it is reserved for international use and should normally be kept at one. if crc pr ocessing is used, i.e., csyn =0, this bit is ignored. 6- - - unused. set low for normal operation . 5talm (1) transmit remote alarm . this bit is transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position three (a bit) of time slot zero of nfas frames. it is used to signal an alarm to the remote end of the pcm 30 link (one - alarm, zero - normal). this control bit is ignored when arai is zero (page 01h, address 11h). 4 -0 tnu4-8 (11111) transmit national use four to eight (s a4 - s a8 ). these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions fo ur to eight of time slot zero of the nfa frame, if selected by s a4 - s a8 control bits of the dl selection word (page 01h, address 10h). table 15 - nfa control word (page 01h, address 12h) table 14 - mode selection control word (page 01h, address 11h)
mt9075b data sheet 40 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 -4 tma1-4 (0) transmit multiframe alignment bits one to four. these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions one to four of time slot 16 of frame zero of ev ery signalling multiframe. these bits are used by the far end to identify specific frames of a signalling multiframe. tma1-4 = 0000 for normal operation. 3x1 (1) this bit is transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position five of time slot 16 of frame zero of every multiframe. x1 is normally set to one. 2y (1) this bit is transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position six of time slot 16 of frame zero of ever y multiframe. it is used to indicate the loss of multiframe alignment to the remo te end of the link. if one - loss of multiframe alignment; if zero - multif rame alignment acquired. this bit is ignored when auty is zero (page 01h, address 11h). 1 - 0 x2, x3 (11) these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions seven and eight respectively , of time slot 16 of frame zero of every multiframe. x2 and x3 are normally set to one. table 16 - transmit mf alignment signal (page 01h, address 13h) bit name functional description 7 hdlc0 (0) hdlc0 select. if one, then hdlc0 is connected to the data link on selected s a bits at a rate of 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 kbits/sec. if zero, hdlc0 is deselected and all hdlc0 interrupts are masked. 6 hdlc1 (0) hdlc1 select. if one, then hdlc1 is connected to time slot 16 in ccs mode. if zero, hdlc1 is deselected and all hdlc1 interrupts are masked. 5rxtrsp (0) receive transparent mode. when this bit is set to one, the framing function is disabled on the receive si de. data coming from the receive line passes through the slip buffer and drives dsto with an arbitrary alignment. when zero, the receive framing function operates normally. 4-0 --- unused. table 17 - hdlc selection word (page 01h, address 14h)
mt9075b data sheet 41 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 --- unused. 6mlbk (0) metallic loopback. if one, then the external rrtip and rring signals are isolated from the receiver, and ttip and tring are internally connected to the receiver analog input instead. if zero, metallic loopback is disabled. 5 hdb3 (0) high density bipolar 3 encoding. if zero, hdb3 encoding is enabled in the transmit direction. if one, ami signal without hdb3 encoding is transmitted. hdb3 is always dec oded in the receive direction. 4mfrf (0) multiframe reframe. if one, for at least one frame, and then cleared the mt9075b will initiate a search for a new signalling multiframe position. reframing function is activated on the one-to-zero transition of the mfrf bit. 3dlbk (0) digital loopback. if one, then the digital st ream to the transmit liu is looped back in place of the digital output of the receive liu. data coming out of dsto will be a delayed version of ds ti. if zero, this fe ature is disabled. 2rlbk (0) remote loopback. if one, then all bipolar data received on rrtip/rring are directly routed to ttip/tring on the pcm 30 side of the mt9075b. if zero, then this fe ature is disabled. 1slbk (0) st-bus loopback. if one, then all time slot s of dsti are connected to dsto on the st-bus side of the mt907 5b. if zero, then this feature is disabled. see loopbacks section. 0plbk (0) payload loopback. if one, then all time slots received on rtip/rring are connected to ttip/tring on the st-bus side of the mt9075b (this excludes time slot zero). if zero , then this feature is disabled. table 18 - coding and loopback control word (page 01h, address 15h)
mt9075b data sheet 42 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7tais (0) transmit alarm indication signal. if one, an all ones signal is transmitted. tais=0 for normal operation. 6 tais0 (0) transmit ais time slot zero. if one, an all ones signal is transmit ted in time slot zero. if zero, time slot zero functions normally. 5tais16 (0) transmit ais time slot 16. if one, an all ones signal is transmitted in time slot 16. if zero, time slot functions normally. 4te (0) transmit e bits. when crc-4 synchronization is achieved, the e-bits transmit the received crc-4 comparison results to the distant end of the link, as per g.704. that is, when zero and crc-4 synchronization is lost, the transmit e-bits will be zero. if one, and crc-4 synchronization is lost the transmit e-bits will be one. 3refrm (0) reframe. if one for at least one frame, and then cl eared, the device will initiate a search for a new basic frame position. reframing function is activated on the one-to-zero transition of the refrm bit. 2 64ksel (0) 64 khz select. if one, a 64 khz signal divided down fr om the extracted received 2048 kbit/sec. clock is output on rxfp/rx64kck (pin 47 in plcc, 35 in mqfp). if zero that pin outputs an 8 khz signal derived from the extracted clock. 1dstode (0) dsto data enable. if zero, dsto is enable d. if one, dsto will be tristated if one of the following conditions exists: li u loss of signal, loss of terminal frame sync (sync =1), loss of crc4 sync (crcsyn =1) or ais. 0cstode (0) csto data enable. if zero, csto is enable d. if one, csto will be tristated if one of the following conditions exists: loss of multiframe sync (mfsync =1), or ais16 =1 table 19 - transmit alarm control word (page 01h, address 16h)
mt9075b data sheet 43 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 20 - national use bit interrupt mask word (page 01h, address 19h) bit name functional description 7 --- unused. 6 prbso (0) prbs counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked (prbso = 1), an interrupt is initiated on overflow of prbs counter (page 04h, address 10h) from ffh to 0h. interrupt vector = 00000010. 5 prbsi (0) prbs interrupt. when unmasked (prbsi = 1), an interrupt is initiated on a single prbs detection error. interrupt vector = 00000010. 4s a nibi (0) changed s a nibble interrupt. when unmasked (s a nibi = 1), an interrupt is generated upon detection of a change of state in any of received s a nibbles (nibble s a5 , nibble s a6 , nibble s a7 or nibble s a8 ). interrupt vector = 00000010. 3s a biti (0) changed s a bit interrupt. when unmasked (s a biti = 1), an interrupt is generated upon detection of a change of state in any of received s a bits (s a5 , s a6 , s a7 or s a8 ). interrupt vector = 00000010. 2c8s a6 i (0) eight consecutive s a6 nibble interrupt. when unmasked (c8s a6 i = 1), an interrupt is generated upon detecti on of the eighth consecutive s a6 nibble with the same pattern. interrupt vector = 00000010. 1s a6 i (0) changed s a6 nibble interrupt. when unmasked (s a6 i = 1), an interrupt is generated upon detection of a change of state in received s a6 nibbles. interrupt vector = 00000010. 0s a5 i (0) changed s a5 bit interrupt. when unmasked (s a5 i =1), an interrupt is generated upon detection of a change of state in the received s a5 bit. interrupt vector = 00000010.
mt9075b data sheet 44 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 21 - interrupt, signalling and bert control word (page 01h, address 1ah bit name functional description 7ode (0) output data enable. if one, the dsto and csto output drivers function normally. when low, dsto and csto will be tristated. note: when ode =1, dsto and csto can be individually tristated by dstode and cstode (page 01h, address 16h) respectively. 6 spnd (0) suspend interrupts. if one, the irq output (pin 12 in plcc, 85 in mqfp) will be in a high-impedance state and all interrupts will be ignored. if zero, the irq output will function normally. 5inta (0) interrupt acknowledge. a zero-to-one or one-to-zero transition will clear any pending interrupt and make irq high. 4txccs (0) transmit common channel signalling. if one, the transmit section of the device is in comm on channel signalling (ccs) m ode. if zero, it is in channel associated si gnalling (cas) mode. 3 rpsig (0) register programmed signalling. if one, the transmit cas signalling will be controlled by programming page 05h. if zero, the transmit cas signalling will be controlled through the csti stream. 2 cntclr (0) counter clear. if one, all status count ers are cleared and held low. zero for normal operation. 1msn (0) most significant signalling nibble. if one, the csto and csti channel associated signalling nibble s will be valid in the most significant portion of each st-bus time slot. if zero, the csto and csti channel associated signalling nibbles will be valid in the least significant portion of each st-bus time slot. 0 64kccs (0) 64 kbits/s common channel signalling. if one, common channel signalling information is source d from csti, and common channel signalling information is clocked ou t of csto. the transmit clock is an internal clock. this 64 khz clock is divided down from c4b and is synchronous with the stbus channel boundaries. the rising edges of the clock occur between channels 1 and 2; 5 and 6; 9 and 10; 13 and 14; 17 and 18; 21 and 22; 25 and 26; 29 and 30. the receive clock is synchronous with the same channe l times, but derived from the extracted clock timebase. the ccs receive clock is driven out on rx64kck (pin 47 in plcc, 35 in mqfp) when this bit is set. if zero csti and csto have 2.048 mb/s bit rates and operate as per tables 66 to 71.
mt9075b data sheet 45 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 syni (0) synchronization interrupt. when unmasked (syni = 0) an interrupt is initiated when a loss of basic frame synchronization condition exists. interrupt vector = 10000000. 6raii (0) remote alarm indication interrupt. when unmasked (raii = 0) a received rai will initiate an interrupt. interrupt vector = 01000000. 5aisi (0) alarm indication signal interrupt. when unmasked (aisi = 0) a received ais will initiate an interrupt . interrupt vector = 01000000. 4ais16i (0) channel 16 alarm indication signal interrupt. when unmasked (ais16i = 0), a received ais16 will initiate an interrupt. interrupt vector = 01000000. 3losi (0) loss of signal interrupt. when unmasked (losi = 0) an interrupt is initiated when a loss of signal c ondition exists. interrupt vector = 01000000. 2feri (0) frame error interrupt. when unmasked (feri = 0), an interrupt is initiated when an error in the fram e alignment signal occurs. interrupt vector = 00100000. 1bpvo (0) bipolar violation counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked (bpvo = 0), an interrupt is initiated when the bipolar violation error counter changes form ffffh to 0h. interrupt vector = 00010000. 0slpi (0) slip interrupt. when unmasked (slpi = 0), an interrupt is initiated when a controlled frame slip occurs. interrupt vector = 00000100. table 22 - interrupt mask word zero (page 01h, address 1bh)
mt9075b data sheet 46 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 23 - interrupt mask word one (page 01h, address 1ch) bit name functional description 7 ebi (0) receive e-bit interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when a receive e-bit indicates a remote crc-4 error. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 6 crci (0) crc-4 error interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when a local crc-4 error occurs. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 5cefi (0) consecutively errored fass interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when two consecutive er rored frame alignment signals are received. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 4bpvi (0) bipolar violation interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when a bipolar violation error occurs. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 3 rcr0i (0) rai and continuous crc error interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when the received a bit has been one, and the received e bits have been zero, continuously for greater than 10 milliseconds (see page 04h, address 19h) 1- unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 2 rcr1i (0) rai and continuous crc error interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when the received a bit had been set, and the received e bits were low, continuously for greater th an 10 milliseconds, but less than 450 milliseconds (see page 04h, address 19h). 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 1 beri (0) bit error interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when a bit error occurs. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00100000. 0sigi (0) signalling (cas) interrupt. when unmasked and any of the receive abcd bits of any channel changes state an interrupt is initiated. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00000001
mt9075b data sheet 47 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 24 - interrupt mask word two (page 01h, address 1dh) bit name functional description 7eboi (0) receive e-bit counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when the e-bit error counter overflows. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00010000. 6 crcoi (0) crc-4 error counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when the crc-4 error counter overflows. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00010000. 5calni (0) crc-4 alignment interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated when the caln status bit of page 03h, address 12h changes state. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00001000. 4feroi (0) frame alignment signal error counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked an interrupt is initiated wh en the frame alignment signal error counter overflows. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00010000. 3jai (0) jitter attenuation interrupt. when unmasked, an interrupt will be initiated when the jitter attenuator fifo comes within four bytes of an overflow or underflow condition. 1 - unmasked, 0 - masked. interrupt vector = 00000100. 2beroi (0) bit error counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked (bero = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the bit error counter overflows. interrupt vector = 00010000. 1 auxpi (0) auxiliary pattern interrupt. when unmasked (auxpi = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the auxp status bit of page 03h, address 15h goes high. interrupt vector = 01000000. 0 cmfoi (0) receive crc-4 multiframe counter overflow interrupt. when unmasked (cmfo = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the crc-4 multiframe counter overflows. interrupt vector = 00010000.
mt9075b data sheet 48 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7mfsyi (0) multiframe synchronization interrupt. when unmasked (mfsyi = 1), an interrupt is initiated when multiframe syn chronization is lost. interrupt vector = 10000000. 6 csyni (0) crc-4 multiframe sync hronization interrupt. when unmasked (csyni = 1), an interrupt is initiated when crc- 4 multiframe synchronization is lost. interrupt vector = 10000000. 5 - - - unused. 4yi (0) remote signalling multiframe alarm interrupt. when unmasked (yi = 1), an interrupt is initiated when a remote signalling multiframe alarm signal is received. interrupt vector = 10000000. 3 1seci (0) one second status interrupt. when unmasked (1seci = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the 1sec status bit (page 03h, address 12h, bit 7) changes from zero to one. interrupt vector = 00001000. 2t1i (0) t1 timer interrupt. when unmasked (t1i = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the t1 timer bit (page 03h, address 12h, bit 5) changes from zero to one. interrupt vector = 00001000. 1t2i (0) t2 timer interrupt. when unmasked (t2i = 1), an interrupt is initiated when the t2 timer bit (page 03h, address 12h, bit 4) changes from zero to one. interrupt vector = 00001000. 0 - - - unused table 25 - interrupt mask work three (page 01h, address 1eh)
mt9075b data sheet 49 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7-4 --- (0000) unused. set low for normal operation. 3ctxp (0) custom transmit pulse level. a zero means that the transmit pulse level is determined by the bits tx2-0 listed in the table entry below. when cpl is a one, the pulse level is determined by coeffi cients programmed in registers 1ch - 1fh on page 2. 2-0 tx2-0 (0) transmit pulse amplitude. select the tx2-tx0 bits according to the line type, value of termination resistors (r t ), and transformer turns ratio used tx2 tx1 tx0 line( ? ) r t ( ? ) xfmr 0 0 0 120 0 1:2 0 0 1 120 0 1:1 0* 1 0 120 15 1:2 0 1 1 120/75 12.1 1:2 1 0 0 75 0 1:2 1 0 1 75 0 1:1 1* 1 0 75 9.1 1:2 1 1 1 75/120 12.1 1:2 *these configurations provide th e best matching characteristics. table 26 - transmit pulse control word (page 01h, address 1fh)
mt9075b data sheet 50 zarlink semiconductor inc. address (a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 ) register names 10h (table 28) error and debounce selection word bpve, crce, fase, nfse, lose, perr & dbnce 11h --- unused. 12h --- unused. 13h (table 29) access control word los/lof, adseq & gci/st 14h --- unused. 15h --- unused. 16h --- unused. 17h --- unused. 18h (table 30) jitter attenuator control word jas, jat/jar , jfc, jfd2, jfd1, jfd0, jacl 19h (table 31) receive equalization control word redbl, remid, remax 1ah reserved set all bits to zero for normal operation. 1bh reserved set all bits to zero for normal operation. 1ch (table 32) custom pulse level 1 cpla6 - cpla0 1dh (table 33) custom pulse level 2 cplb6 - cplb0 1eh (table 34) customer pulse level 3 cplc6 - cplc0 1fh (table 35) customer pulse level 4 cpld6 - cpld0 table 27 - master control 2 (page 02h)
mt9075b data sheet 51 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 bpve (0) bipolar violation error insertion. a zero-to-one transition of this bit inserts a single bipolar vi olation error into the transmit pcm 30 data. a one, zero or one-to-zero transition has no function. 6 crce (0) crc-4 error insertion. a zero-to-one transition of this bit inserts a single crc-4 error into the transmit pcm 30 data. a one, zero or one-to-zero transition has no function. 5 fase (0) frame alignment signal error insertion. a zero-to-one transition of this bit inserts a single error into the ti me slot zero frame alignment signal of the transmit pcm 30 data. a one, ze ro or one-to-zero transition has no function. 4nfse (0) non-frame alignment signal error insertion. a zero-to-one transition of this bit inserts a single error into bi t two of the time slot zero non-frame alignment signal of the transmit pcm 30 data. a one, zero or one-to-zero transition has no function. 3lose (0) loss of signal error insertion. if one, the mt9075b transmits an all zeros signal (no pulses) in every pcm 30 time slot. if zero, data is transmitted normally. 2 perr (0) payload error insertion. a zero-to-one transition of this bit inserts a single error in the transmit payload. a one, zero or one-to-zero transition has no function. 1 --- unused. 0dbnce (0) debounce select. this bit selects the debounce period (1 for 14 msec.; 0 for no debounce). note: there may be as much as 2 msec. added to this duration because the state change of the signalling equipment is not synchronous with the pcm 30 signalling multiframe. table 28 - error and debounce selection word (page 02h, address 10h)
mt9075b data sheet 52 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7-3 -- unused. 2los/lof (0) loss of signal or loss of frame selection. if one, pin los (pin 61 in plcc, 57 in mqfp) will go high when a loss of signal state exits (criteria as per llos status bit on page 03h address 18h). if low, pin los will go high when either a loss of signal (llost =1 ) or a loss of basic frame alignment state exits (bit sync on page 03h address 10h is zero). 1adseq (0) digital milliwatt or digital test sequence. if one, the a-law digital milliwatt analog test sequence will be selected by the per time slot control bits ttst and rtst (on page 07h and 08h). if zero, the prbs 2 15 -1 bit error rate test sequence will be selected by the per time slot control bits ttst and rtst. the prbs generator is reset whenever this bit is set to 1. 0gci/st (0) gci or st-bus frame pulse. if one, the mt9075b will transmit or receive a gci frame pulse on pin f0b (pin 46 in plcc, 34 in mqfp). if zero, the mt9075b will transmit or receive an st-bus frame pulse on f0b . table 29 - access control word (page 02h, address 13h)
mt9075b data sheet 53 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7jas (0) jitter attenu ator select. if one, the attenuator may be connected to either the transmit or receive sides of th e pcm 30 interface depend on bit 6 - jat/jar . if zero, the jitter atten uator function is disabled. 6jat/jar (0) transmit or receive jitter attenuator. if one, the jitter attenuator will function on the transmit data. if zero, t he jitter attenuator will function on the receive data. 5jfc (0) jitter attenuator fifo centre. when this bit is toggled the read pointer of the jitter attenuator shall be centered. during center ing the jitter in the ja outputs is increased by 0.0625 u.i 4 - 2 jfd2- jfd0 (00) jitter attenuator fifo depth control bits. these bits determine the depth of the jitter attenuator fifo as shown below: jfd2 jfd1 jfd0 depth (words) 000 16 001 32 010 48 011 64 100 80 101 96 1 1 0 112 1 1 1 128 1jacl (0) jitter attenuator clear bit. if one, the jitter attenuator, its fifo and status are reset. the status registers will identify the fifo as being empty. however, the actual bit values of the data in the ja fifo will not be reset. 0 --- unused. table 30 - jitter attenuator control word (page 02h, address 18h)
mt9075b data sheet 54 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 31 - receive equalization control word (page 02h, address 19h) bit name functional description 7 redbl (0) receive equalizer auto mode disable. if one, the receive equalizer is turned off from the auto mode. if zero, the receive equalizer is turned on and will compensate for loop length automatically. 6remid (0) receive equalization mid-range. if one and redbl is one, the one- stage equalization is enabled, which provides approximately 6 db of gain. if zero, redbl or remax will control the receive equalization. 5remax (0) receive equalization maximum. if one, redbl is one and remid is zero, the two-stage equalization is enabled, which provides approximately 12 db of gain. if ze ro, redbl or remid will control the receive equalization. 4 - 0 --- unused. bit name functional description 7-- 6 cpla6 (0) sign bit. normalized to a positive going one, when cplat6 is one then the cpla0-cpla5 coefficient corresponds to a positive level. when cpla6 is zero the coefficient is taken to indicate a negative level. 5 - 0 cpla5-cpla0 (000000) pulse shape coefficient for the first ti me slot (within one bit cell). cpla5 is the msb (pulse amplitute =0.1 * cpla[5:0]v) table 32 - custom pulse level 1 (page 2, address 1ch) bit name functional description 7-- 6 cplb6 (0) sign bit. normalized to a positive going one, when cplb6 is one then the cplb0-cplb5 coefficient corresponds to a positive level. when cplb6 is zero the coefficient is taken to indicate a negative level. 5 - 0 cplb5-cplb0 (000000) pulse shape coefficient for the second time slot (within one bit cell). cplb5 is the msb table 33 - custom pulse level 2 (page 2, address 1dh)
mt9075b data sheet 55 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7-- 6cplc6 (0) sign bit. normalized to a positive going one, when cplc6 is one then the cplc0-cplc5 coefficient corresponds to a positive level. when cpla6 is zero the coefficient is taken to indicate a negative level. 5 - 0 cplc5-cplc0 (000000) pulse shape coefficient for the third time slot (within one bit cell). cplc5 is the msb. table 34 - custom pulse level 1 (page 2, address 1ch) bit name functional description 7-- 6cpld6 (0) sign bit. normalized to a positive going one, when cpld6 is one then the cpld0-cpld5 coefficient corresponds to a positive level. when cpld6 is zero the coefficient is taken to indicate a negative level. 5 - 0 cpld5-cpld0 (000000) pulse shape coefficient for the four th time slot (within one bit cell) table 35 - custom pulse level 4 (page 2, address 1fh)
mt9075b data sheet 56 zarlink semiconductor inc. master status 1 (page 03h) address (a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 ) register names 10h (table 37) synchronization status word sync , mfsync , crcsyn , reb1, reb2 crcrf, red& crciwk 11h (table 38) receive frame alignment signal riu0 & rfa2-8 12h (table 39) timer status word 1sec, 2sec, t1, t2, 400t, 8t, caln & klve 13h (table 40) receive non-frame alignm ent signal riu1, rnfab, ralm & rnu4-8 14h (table 41) receive multiframe alignment signal rma1-4, x1, y, x2 & x3 15h (table 42) most significant phase status word rslip, rslpd, auxp, cefs, rxebc11-8 16h (table 43) least significant phase status word rxebc7-0 17h (table 44) jitter attenuator status word jacs, jacf, jae, jaf4, jafc, jae4, jaf 18h (table 45) receive signal status word ll, ml, sl, llos 19h (table 46) alarm status word one crcs1, crcs2, rfail, loss, ais16s, aiss, rais & rcrs 1ah (table 47) changed s a6 report word s a5 , s a6 nibble,c8s a6 , cs a6 1bh - 1eh --- unused. 1fh (table 48) identification word set to 10101010 table 36 - master status 1 (page 03h)
mt9075b data sheet 57 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 38 - receive frame alignment signal (page 03h, address 11h) bit name functional description 7 sync receive basic frame alignment. sync indicates the basic frame alignment status (1 - loss; 0 - acquired). 6 mfsync receive multiframe alignment. mfsync indicates the multiframe alignment status (1 - loss; 0 -acquired). 5 crcsyn receive crc-4 synchronization. crcsyn indicates the crc-4 multiframe alignment status (1 - loss; 0 - acquired). 4reb1 receive e-bit one status. reb1 indicates the status of the received e1 bit of the last multiframe. 3reb2 receive e-bit two status. reb2 indicates the status of the received e2 bit of the last multiframe. 2 crcrf crc-4 reframe. a one indicates that the receive crc-4 multiframe synchronization could not be found with in the time out period of 8 msec. after detecting basic frame synchroniza tion. this will force a reframe when the maintenance option is selected and automatic crc-4 interworking is de-selected. 1red red alarm. red goes high when basic frame alignment has been lost for at least 100 msec. this bit will be low when basic frame alignment is acquired (i.431). 0 crciwk crc-4 interworking. crciwk indicates the crc-4 interworking status (1 - crc-to-crc; 0 - crc-to-non-crc). table 37 - synchronization status word (page 03h, address 10h) bit name functional description 7riu0 receive international use zero. this is the bit which is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position one of the frame alignment signal. it is used for the crc-4 remainder or for international use. 6 - 0 rfa2-8 receive frame alignment signal bits 2 to 8. these bit are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions two to eight of frame alignment signal. these bits form the frame alignment signal and should be 0011011.
mt9075b data sheet 58 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 39 - timer status word (page 03h, address 12h) table 40 - receive non-frame alignment signal (page 03h, address 13h) bit name functional description 7 1sec one second timer status. this bit changes state once every 0.5 second and is synchronous with the 2sec timer. 6 2sec two second timer status. this bit changes state once every second and is synchronous with the 1sec timer. 5t1 timer one. this bit will be high after a signal has been received, that consists of non-normal operation fram es, and persists for 100 msec. this bit shall be low when t2 becomes hi gh. refer to i.431 section 5.9.2.2.3. 4t2 timer two. this bit will be high when the mt9075b acquires terminal frame synchronization persisting for 10 msec. this bit shall be low when non-normal operational frames are received. i.431 section 5.9.2.2.3. 3400t 400 msec. timer status. this bit changes state when the 400 msec. crc-4 multiframe alignment timer expires. 28t 8 msec. timer status. this bit changes state when the 8 msec. crc-4 multiframe alignment timer expires. 1caln crc-4 alignment. this bit changes state every msec. when crc-4 multiframe alignment has been achiev ed state changes of this bit are synchronous with the receiv e crc-4 synchronization signal. 0klve keep alive. this bit is high when the ais status bit (page 03h, address 19h) has been high for at least 100m sec. this bit will be low when ais goes low (i.431). bit name functional description 7riu1 receive international use 1. this bit is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position one of the non-frame alignment signal. it is used for crc-4 multiframe alig nment or international use. 6rnfab receive non-frame alignment bit. this bit is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position tw o of the non-frame alignment signal. this bit should be one in order to differentiate between frame alignment frames and non-frame alignment frames. 5ralm receive alarm. this bit is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position three (the a bit) of the non-frame alignment signal. it is used as a remote alarm indication (rai) from the far end of the pcm 30 link (1 - alarm, 0 - normal). 4 - 0 rnu4-8 receive national use four to eight. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions four to eight (the s a bits) of the non-frame alignment signal.
mt9075b data sheet 59 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 4 rma1-4 receive multiframe alignment bits one to four. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions one to four of time slot 16 of frame zero of ever y signalling multiframe. these bit should be 0000 for proper signalling multiframe alignment. 3x1 receive spare bit x1. this bit is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position five of time slot 16 of frame zero of every signalling multiframe. 2y receive y-bit. this bit is received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit position six of time slot 16 of fram e zero of every signalling multiframe. the y bit may indicate loss of multiframe alignment at the remote end (1 - loss of multiframe alignment; 0 - multiframe alignment acquired). 1 - 0 x2, x3 receive spare bits x2 and x3. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions se ven and eight respectively, of time slot 16 of frame zero of every signalling multiframe. table 41 - receive multiframe alignment signal (page 03h, address 14h) bit name functional description 7rslip receive slip. a change of state (i.e., 1-to-0 or 0-to-1) indicates that a receive controlled frame slip has occurred. 6 rslpd receive slip direction. if one, indicates that the last received frame slip resulted in a repeated frame, i.e., system clock is faster than network clock. if zero, indicates that the last received frame slip resulted in a lost frame, i.e., system clock is slow er than network clock. updated on an rslip occurrence basis. 5auxp auxiliary pattern. this bit will go high when a continuous 101010... bit stream (auxiliary pattern) is received on the pcm 30 link for a period of at least 512 bits. if zero, auxiliary pattern is not being received. this pattern will be decoded in the presence of a bit error rate of as much as 10 -3 . 4cefs consecutively errored frame alignment signal. this bit goes high when the last two frame alignment signal s were received in error. this bit will be low when at least one of t he last two frame alignment signals is without error. 3-0 rxebc 11-8 receive eighth bit count. the four most significant bit of a counter that indicates the number of one eighth bit times there are between the st- bus frame pulse and receive frame pulse (rxfp ). table 42 - most significant phase status word (page 03h, address 15h)
mt9075b data sheet 60 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 44 - jitter attenuator status word (page 03h, address 17h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 rxebc7 -0 receive eighth bit count. the 8 least significant bit of a counter that indicates the number of one eighth bi t times there are between the st- bus frame pulse and receive frame pulse (rxfp ).the accuracy of the this measurement is approximately + 1/16 (one sixteenth) of a bit. table 43 - least significant phase status word (page 03h, address 16h) bit name functional description 7jacs jitter attenuated clock slow. if one it indicates that the dejittered clock period is increased by 1/16 ui. if zero the clock is at normal speed. 6jacf jitter attenuated clock fast. if one it indicates t hat the dejittered clock period is decreased by 1/16 ui. if zero the clock is at normal speed. 5jae jitter attenuator fifo empty. if one it indicates that the ja fifo is empty. 4jaf4 jitter attenuator fifo with 4 full locations. if one it indicates that the ja fifo has at least 4 full locations. 3jafc jitter attenuator center full. if one it indicates that the ja fifo is at least half full. 2 jae4 jitter attenuator fifo with 4 empty locations. if one it indicates that the ja fifo has at most 4 empty locations. 1jaf jitter attenuator fifo full. if one it indicates t hat the ja fifo is full. 0---unused
mt9075b data sheet 61 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 46 - alarm status word one (page 03h, address 19h) bit name functional description 7 ll long loop. this bit is one when the line signal has an amplitude so attenuated as to require substantial equalization for data recovery. 6ml medium loop. this bit is one when the line signal has an amplitude so attenuated as to require some equalization for data recovery. 5sl short loop. this bit is one when the line signal has an amplitude with minimal attenuation. 4 llos liu loss of signal indication. this bit will be one when the received signal amplitude is more than 20 db below the nominal value for a period of at least 1 msec. this bit will be zero for normal operation. 3-0 --- unused table 45 - receive signal status word (page 03h, address 18h) bit name functional description 7crcs1 receive crc error status one. if one, the evaluation of the last received submultiframe 1 resulted in an error. if zero, the last submultiframe 1 was error free. updated on a submultiframe 1 basis. 6crcs2 receive crc error status two. if one, the evaluation of the last received submultiframe 2 resulted in an error. if zero, the last submultiframe 2 was error free. updated on a submultiframe 2 basis. 5rfail remote crc-4 multiframe generator/detector failure. if one, each of the previous five seconds have an e-bit error count of greater than 989, and for this same period the receive rai bit was zero (no remote alarm), and for the same period the sync bit was equal to zero (basic frame alignment has been mainta ined). if zero, indicates normal operation. 4loss loss of signal status indication. if one, indicates the presence of a loss of signal condition. if zero, indicates normal operation. a loss of signal condition occurs when 127 consecutive bit periods are zero. a loss of signal condition terminates when an average ones density of at least 12.5% has been re ceived over a period of 127 contiguous pulse positions starting with a pulse. 3ais16s alarm indication signal 16 status. if one, indicates an all ones alarm is being received in channel 16. if zero, normal operation. updated on a frame basis. 2aiss alarm indication status signal. if one, indicates that a valid ais or all ones signal is being received. if zero, indicates that a valid ais si gnal is not being received . the criteria for ais detection is determined by the cont rol bit asel (page 01h, address 10h). 1rais remote alarm indication status. if one, there is currently a remote alarm condition (i.e., received a bit is one). if zero, normal oper ation. updated on a non- frame alignment frame basis. 0 rcrs rai and continuous crc error status. if one, there is currently an rai and continuous crc error condition. if zero, normal oper ation. updated on a multiframe basis.
mt9075b data sheet 62 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 47 - changed s a6 report word (page 03h, address 1ah) master status 2 (page 04h) bit name functional description 7s a5 s a5 bit (latched by c8s a6 ). it is cleared once this register is read. 6-3 s a6 nibble s a6 nibble (latched by c8s a6 ). it is cleared once this register is read. 2 --- unused 1c8s a6 eight consecutive s a6 nibbles. upon detection of the eighth consecutive s a6 nibble with the same pattern, this bit goes high. it is cleared once this register is read. 0cs a6 changed s a6 nibble. upon detection of a change of state within the received s a6 nibbles, this bit goes high. it is cleared once this register is read. bit name functional description 7 - 0 id7-0 contains device code 10101010. table 48 - identification word (page 03h, address 1fh) address (a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 ) register names 10h (table 50) prbs error counter ps7-0 11h (table 51) crc multiframe counter for prbs psm7-0 12h (table 52) interrupt vector iv7 - iv0 13h (table 53) e-bit error counter ebt ec9-ec8 14h (table 54) e-bit error counter ebt ec7-ec0 15h (table 55) jitter fifo counter jfc7-jfc0 16h (table 56) overflow reporting latch prbso, febeo, jfo, lbo, bero, efo, bpvo, cco 17h (table 57) loss of basic synchronization counter lbf7-lbf0 18h (table 58) bit error rate counter br7 - br0 19h (table 59) rai and continuous crc error bits rcrc1 - rcrc0 1ah (table 60) errored frame alignment signal counter efas7 - efas0 1bh (table 61) alarm reporting latch r ai, ais, ais16, los, auxp, mfalm, rslip table 49 - master status (page 04h)
mt9075b data sheet 63 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 50 - prbs error counter (page 04h, address 10h) 1ch (table 62) most significa nt bipolar violation error counter bpv15 - bpv8 1dh (table 63) least signific ant bipolar violation error counter bpv7 - bpv0 1eh (table 64) crc-4 error counter cet cc9-cc8 1fh (table 65) crc-4 error counter cet cc7 - cc0 bit name functional description 7 - 0 ps7-0 prbs error counter. this counter is incremented for each prbs error detected on any of the receive channels connected to the prbs error detector. bit name functional description 7 - 0 psm7-0 crc multiframe counter for prbs. this counter is incremented for each received crc submultiframe. it is cleared when the prbs error counter is written to. table 51 - crc multiframe counter for prbs (page 04h, address 11h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 iv7 -iv0 interrupt vector. the interrupt vector status word contai ns an interrupt vector that indicates the category of the last inte rrupt as shown in table 11. table 52 - interrupt vector status word (page 04h, address 12h) bit name functional description 7 - 2 --- unused 1 - 0 ec9-8 e bit error counter. the most significant 2 bits of the e bit error counter. table 53 - e bit error counter (page 04h, address 13h) table 49 - master status (page 04h)
mt9075b data sheet 64 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 0 ec7-0 e bit error counter. the least significant eight bits of the e-bit error counter. table 54 - e bit error counter (page 04h, address 14h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 jfc7 - jfc0 jitter fifo counter. this is an 8 bit counter that is incremented when the fifo read pointer comes within 4 words of an underflow or overflow condition. during this time the read clock will abruptly slow-down or speed- up to avoid an overflow or underflow condition. table 55 - jitter fifo counter (page 04h, address 15h) bit name functional description 7 prbso prbs error counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the prbs error counter (page 04h address 10h) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 6 febeo e bit counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the e bit counter (page 04h, address 13h & 14h) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 5jfo jitter attenuator fifo counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the jitter attenuator fifo counter (page 04h, address 15h) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 4lbo lost of basic frame synchr onization counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the loss of basic frame synchronization counter (page 04h address 17h) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 3 bero bit error rate counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the bit error rate counter (page 04h, address 18h) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 2efo errored frame alignment signal counter overflow. this bit is set to one when the errored frame alignment signal counter (page 04h, address 1ah) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 1 bpvo bipolar violation counter overflow. this bit is set high when the bipolar violation counter (page 04 h, address 1ch & 1dh) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. 0 cco crc error counter overflow. this bit is set high when the crc error counter (page 04h, address 1eh & 1fh) overflows. it is cleared when this register is read. table 56 - overflow reporting latch (page 04h, address 16h)
mt9075b data sheet 65 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 0 lbf7 - lbf0 loss of basic frame synchronization counter. this eight bit counter will be incremented once for every 125 microsecond period in which basic frame synchronization is lost. it will be cleared by a basic frame synchronization to loss of basic fram e synchronization state transition. table 57 - loss of basic synchronization counter (page 04h, address 17h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 br7 - br0 bit error rate counter. an eight bit counter that contains the total number of errors in the frame alignment signal. table 58 - bit error rate counter (page 04h, address 18h) bit name functional description 7 - 2 --- unused 1 rcrc1 rai and continuous crc error bit 1. this bit goes high when received a (rai) bits were high and receive e bits were low, continuously, for more than 10 milliseconds, but less than 450 milliseconds. this bit is cleared when read. 0 rcrc0 rai and continuous crc error bit 0. this bit goes high when received a (rai) bits are high and receive e bits are low, continuously, for more than 10 milliseconds. table 59 - rai with crc error word (page 04h, address 19h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 efas7 - efas0 errored fas counter. an 8 bit counter that is incremented once for every receive frame alignment signal that contains one or more errors. table 60 - errored frame alignment signal counter (page 04h, address 1ah)
mt9075b data sheet 66 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7rai remote alarm indication. this bit is set to one in the event of receipt of a remote alarm, i.e. a(rai) = 1. it is cleared when the register is read. 6ais alarm indication signal. this bit is set to one in the event of receipt of an all ones alarm. it is cleared when the register is read. 5ais16 ais time slot 16 alarm. this bit is set to one in the event of receipt of an all ones alarm in the time slot 16. it is cleared when the register is read. 4los loss of signal. this bit is set to one in the event of loss of received signal. it is cleared when the register is read. 3auxp auxiliary alarm. this bit is set to one in the event of receipt of the auxiliary alarm pattern. it is cleared when the register is read. 2mfalm multiframe alarm. this bit is set to one in the event of receipt of a multiframe alarm. it is clear ed when the register is read. 1rslip received slip. this bit is set to one in the event of receive elastic buffer slip. it is cleared when the register is read. 0 - - - unused. table 61 - alarm reporting latch (page 04h, address 1bh) bit name functional description 7 - 0 bpv15 - bpv8 bpv counter. the most significant eight bits of a 16 bit counter that is incremented once for every bipolar violation error received. table 62 - most significant bits of the bpv counter (page 04h, address 1ch) bit name functional description 7 - 0 bpv7 - bpv0 bpv counter. the least significant eight bits of a 16 bit counter that is incremented once for every bipolar violation error received. table 63 - least significant bits of the pbv counter (page 04h, address 1dh)
mt9075b data sheet 67 zarlink semiconductor inc. per channel transmit signalling (page 05h) table 62 describes page 05h, addresses 11h to 1fh, wh ich contains the transmit signalling control words for pcm 30 channels 1 to 15 and 16 to 30. control of these bits is through the processor or controller port when page 01h, address 1ah, bit 3, rpsig = 1. table 66 - transmit cha nnel associated signalling (page 05h) serial per channel transmit si gnalling control through csti is select ed when bit rpsig is zero. table 63 describes the function of csti time slots 1 to 15, and table 64 describes the function of csti time slots 17 to 31, when page 01h, address 1ch, bit 1, msn = 1. if msn = 0, the signalling ni bble appears at least signif icant bits (bits 3-0). bit name functional description 7 - 2 - - - unused 1 - 0 cc9-cc8 crc-4 error counter. the most significant eight bits of the crc-4 error counter. table 64 - crc-4 error counter (page 04h, address 1eh) bit name functional description 7 - 0 cc7- cc0 crc-4 error counter. the least significant eight bits of the crc-4 error counter. table 65 - crc-4 error counter (page 04h, address 1fh) bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n), b(n), c(n), d(n) (1110) transmit signalling bits for channel n. these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions one to four of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n. 3 - 0 a(n+15), b(n+15), c(n+15), d(n+15) (0101) transmit signalling bits for channel n + 15. these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions five to eight of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n + 15.
mt9075b data sheet 68 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 67 - transmit cas channels 1 to 15 (csti) table 68 - transmit cas channels 16 to 30 (csti) per channel receive signalling (page 06h) page 06h, addresses 11h to 1fh cont ain the receive signalling control words for pcm 30 channels 1 to 15 and 16 to 30. table 69 - receive cas (page 06h) serial per channel receive signalling status bits also appear on st-bus stream csto . table 66 describes the function of csto time slots 1 to 15, and table 67 describes the function of csto time slots 17 to 31, when page 01h, address 1ch, bit 1, msn = 1. if msn = 0, the signalling ni bble appears at least signif icant bits (bits 3-0). table 70 - receive cas channels 1 to 15 (csto) bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n), b(n), c(n), d(n) transmit signalling bits for channel n. these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions one to four of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n. 3 - 0 --- unused. bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n+15), b(n+15), c(n+15), d(n+15) transmit signalling bits for channel n + 15. these bits are transmitted on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positions five to eight of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n + 15. 3 - 0 --- unused. bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n), b(n), c(n), d(n) receive signalling bits for channel n. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positi ons one to four of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n. 3 - 0 a(n+15), b(n+15), c(n+15), d(n+15) receive signalling bits for channel n + 15. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit posit ions five to eight of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n + 15. bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n), b(n), c(n), d(n) receive signalling bits for channel n. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit positi ons one to four of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n. 3 - 0 --- unused - high impedance state.
mt9075b data sheet 69 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 71 - receive cas channels 17 to 31 (csto) per time slot control words (pages 07h and 08h) the control functions described by table 69 are repeated for each pcm-30 channel. page 07h addresses 10h to 1fh correspond to time slots 0 to 15, while page 08h addresses 10h to 1fh correspond to time slots 16 to 31. table 72 - mapping to cept channels (page 07h and 08h) bit name functional description 7 - 4 a(n+15), b(n+15), c(n+15), d(n+15) receive signalling bits for channel n + 15. these bits are received on the pcm 30 2048 kbit/sec. link in bit posit ions five to eight of time slot 16 in frame n (where n = 1 to 15), and are the a, b, c, d signalling bits associated with channel n + 15. 3 - 0 --- unused - high impedance state. page 07h address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 0123456789101112131415 page 08h address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 bit name functional description 7 txmsg (0) transmit message mode. if one, the data from the corresponding address location of tx message mode buffer is transmitted in the corresponding pcm 30 time slot. if zero , the data on dsti is transmitted on the corresponding pcm 30 time slot. tx message mode buffer are accessed from pages 0fh and 10h. 6adi (0) alternate digit inversion. if one, the corresponding transmit time slot data on dsti has every second bit inverted, and the corresponding pcm 30 receive time slot has every second bit inverted. if zero, this bit has no effect on channel data. 5rtsl (0) remote time slot loopback. if one, the corresponding pcm 30 receive time slot is looped to the corresponding pcm 30 transmit time slot. this received time slot will al so be present on dsto. if zero, the loopback is disabled. table 73 - per time slot control word (page 07h and 08h)
mt9075b data sheet 70 zarlink semiconductor inc. one second status (page 09h) table 74 - one second status (page 09h) 4ltsl (0) local time slot loopback. if one, the corresponding transmit time slot is looped to the corresponding receive time slot. this transmit time slot will also be present on the transmit pcm 30 stream . if zero, this loopback is disabled. 3ttst (0) transmit test. if one and control bit adseq (page 02h, address 13h) is one, the a-law digital milliwatt w ill be transmitted in the corresponding pcm 30 time slot. when one and adseq is zero, a pseudo-random bit sequence (prbs 2 15 -1) will be transmitted is the corresponding pcm 30 time slot. more than one time slot may be activated at once. if zero, neither of these test signals will be connected to the corresponding time slot. 2rrst (0) receive test. if one and control bit adseq (page 02h, address 13h) is one, the a-law digital milliwatt wi ll be transmitted in the corresponding dsto time slot. when one and adseq is zero, a pseudo random bit sequence (prbs 2 15 -1) receiver will be connected to the corresponding time slot. this receiver circuit wi ll synchronize to the transmit prbs signal and perform a bit comparison of the two sequences. if zero, neither of these test signals will be connected to the corresponding time slot. 1 --- unused. 0 --- unused. address (a 4 a 3 a 2 a 1 a 0 ) register names 10h (table 75) msb latched e-bit error count lec9-lec8 11h (table 76) lsb latched e-bit error count lec7-lec0 12h (table 77) latched errored frame alignment signal count lefas7-lefas0 13h (table 78) msb latched bpv error count lbpv15-lbpv8 14h (table 79) lsb latched bpv error count lbpv7-lbpv0 15h (table 80) msb latched crc error count lcc9-lcc8 16h (table 81) lsb latched crc error count lcc7-lcc0 17h - 1fh - - - unused. table 73 - per time slot control word (page 07h and 08h)
mt9075b data sheet 71 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 2 --- unused 1 - 0 lec9 - lec8 latched e bit error counter (the most significant two bits). these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 75 - latched e-bit error counter (page 09h, address 10h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 lec7 - lec0 latched e bit error counter (the least significant eight bits). these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 76 - latched e-bit error counter (page 09h, address 11h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 lefas7 - lefas0 latched errored fas counter. an 8 bit counter t hat is incremented once for every receive frame alignment signal that contains one or more errors. these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 77 - latched errored frame alignment signal counter (page 09h, address 12h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 lbpv15 - lbpv8 latched bpv counter (mos t significant 8 bits). the bpv counter is incremented once for every bipolar viol ation error received. these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 78 - most significant bits of the latched bpv counter (page 09h, address 13h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 lbpv7 - lbpv0 latched bpv counter (least significant 8 bits). the least significant eight bits of a 16 bit counter that is incremented once for every bipolar violation error received. these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 79 - least significant bits of the latched bpv counter (page 09h, address 14h)
mt9075b data sheet 72 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 2 --- unused 1 - 0 lcc9 - lcc8 latched crc-4 error counter (bits 9 & 8). these are the most significant two bits of the crc-4 error counter. these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 80 - latched crc-4 error counter (page 09h, address 15h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 lcc7 - lcc0 latched crc-4 error counter (bits 7-0) . these are the least significant eight bits of the crc-4 e rror counter. these bits are sampled every second by the internal one second timer. table 81 - latched crc-4 error counter (page 09h, address 16h)
mt9075b data sheet 73 zarlink semiconductor inc. hdlc control and status (page 0bh & 0ch) address register name control (write/verify) status (read) 10h (table 83) address recognition 1 --- adr16-adr10, a1en 11h (table 84) address recognition 2 --- adr26-adr20, a2en 12h (table85) & (table 86) tx fifo rx fifo bit7-bit0 13h (table 87) hdlc control 1 --- adrec, rxen, txen, eop, fa, mark-idle, rsv, rsv 14h (table 88) --- hdlc status intgen, idle-chan, rq9, rq8, txstat2, txstat1, rxstat2, rxstat1 15h (table 89) hdlc control 2 --- intsel , cycle, tcrci, seven, rsv, rsv, rxfrst, txfrst 16h (table 90) interrupt mask --- ga, eopd, teop, eopr, txfl, fa:txunder, rxff, rxovfl 17h (table 91) --- interrupt status ga, eopd, teop, eopr, txfl, fa:txunder, rxff, rxovfl 18h (table 92) --- rx crc msb crc15-crc8 19h (table 93) --- rx crc lsb crc7-crc0 1ah (table 94) tx byte count --- cnt7-cnt0 1bh (table 95) test control --- hrst, rtloop, rsv, rsv, rsv, ftst, rsv, hloop 1ch (table 96) --- test status rxclk, txclk, vcrc, vaddr 1dh (table 97) hdlc control 3 --- rfd2-0, tfd2-0 1eh (table 98) hdlc cont rol 4 --- rffs2-0, tfls2-0 table 82 - hdlc 0 & 1 control and status (pages 0bh & 0ch)
mt9075b data sheet 74 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 83 - hdlc address recognition register1 (page 0bh & 0ch, address 10h) bit name functional description 7 - 2 adr16 - adr11 (000000) a six bit mask used to interrogate the first byte of the received address. adr16 is the msb. 1 adr10 (0) this bit is used in address comparison , if control bit se ven, bit 4 of hdlc control register 2 (address 15h) is one. 0 a1en (0) when this bit is high, this six (or seven) bit mask is used in address comparison of the first address byte. if address recognition is enabled, any packet failing the address comparison will not be stored in the rx fifo. a1en must be high for all-call (1111111) address recognition for single byte address. when this bit is low, this bit mask is ignored in address comparison bit name functional description 7 - 1 ad26 - ad20 (000000) a seven bit mask used to interrogate the second byte of the received address. adr26 is msb. this mask is ignored (as well as first byte mask) if all call address (1111111) is received. 0a2en (0) when this bit is one, this seven bit mask is used in address comparison of the second address byte. if address recognition is enabled, any packet failing the address comparison will not be stored in the rx fifo. a2en must be one for all-call address recognition. when this bit is zero, this bit mask is ignored in address comparison table 84 - hdlc address recognition register 2 (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 11h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 bit7 - bit0 this eight bit word is tagged with the two status bits (eop and fa) from the control register 1, and the result ing 10 bit word is written to the tx fifo. the fifo status is not changed immediately after a write or read occurs. it is updated after the da ta and the read/write pointers have settled. table 85 - tx fifo write register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 12h)
mt9075b data sheet 75 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 0 bit7 - bit0 this is the received data byte read from the rx fifo. the status bits of this byte can be read from the stat us register. the fi fo status is not changed immediately when a write or r ead occurs. it is updated after the data and the read/write pointers have settled. table 86 - rx fifo read register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 12h) bit name functional description 7adrec (0) address recognition. when one this bit will enable address recognition. this forces the receiver to recognize only those packets having the unique address as programmed in the receive address recognition registers or if the address is an all call address. 6rxen (0) receive enable. when one the receiver will be immediately enabled and will begin searching for flags, go-aheads etc. when zero this bit will dis able the hdlc receiver afte r the rest of the packet presently being received is finished. the receiver internal clock is disabled. 5txen (0) transmit enable. when one the trans mitter will be im mediately enabled and will begin transmitting data, if any, or go to a mark idle or interframe time fill state. when zero this bit will disable the hdlc transmitter after the completion of the packet presently being transmitte d. the transmitter internal clock is disabled. 4eop (0) end of packet. forms a tag on the next byte written the tx fifo, and when set will indicate an end of packe t byte to the transmitter, which will transmit an fcs following this byte. this facilitates loading of multiple packets into tx fifo. reset automatically after a write to the tx fifo occurs. 3fa (0) frame abort. forms a tag on the next byte written to the tx fifo, and when set to one fa will indicate to the transmitter that it should abort the packet in which that byte is being tr ansmitted. reset automatically after a write to the tx fifo. 2mark-idle (0) when zero, the transmitter will be in an idle state. when one it is in an interframe time fill stat e. these two states will on ly occur when the tx fifo is empty. 1-0 rsv (00) reserved: must be set to 0 for normal operation. table 87 - hdlc control register 1 (page 0bh &0ch, address 13h)
mt9075b data sheet 76 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 intgen interrupt generation. intgen is set to 1 when an interrupt (in conjunction with the interrupt mask register) has been generated by the hdlc. this is an asynchronous event. it is reset when the interrupt register is read. 6 idle chan idle channel. this bit is set to a 1 when an idle channel state (15 or more ones) has been detected at the receiver. this is an asynchronous event. status becomes valid after the first 15 bits or the first zero is received. 5, 4 rq9, rq8 byte status bits from rx fifo . these bits determine the status of the byte to be read from rx fifo as follows: rq9 rq8 byte status 0 0 packet byte. 0 1 first byte. 1 0 last byte of a good packet. 1 1 last byte of a bad packet. 3, 2 txstat2, txstat1 transmit status. these bits indicate the status of the tx fifo as follows: txstat2 txstat1 tx fifo status 0 0 tx fifo full up to the selected status level or more. see table 93. 01 the number of bytes in the tx fifo has reached or exceeded the selected interrupt threshold level. see table 94. 1 0 tx fifo empty. 1 1 the number of bytes in the tx fifo is less than the selected interrupt threshold level. see table 94. table 88 - hdlc status register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 14h)
mt9075b data sheet 77 zarlink semiconductor inc. 1, 0 rxstat2, rxstat1 receive status. these bits indicate the status of the rx fifo as follows: rxstat2 rxstat1 rx fifo status 0 0 rx fifo empty. 0 1 the number of bytes in the rx fifo is less than the selected threshold level. see table 94. 1 0 rx fifo full up to the selected status level or more. see table 93. 11 the number of bytes in the rx fifo has reached or exceeded the selected interrupt threshold level. see table 94. table 88 - hdlc status register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 14h)
mt9075b data sheet 78 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7intsel (0) interrupt selection. when one, this bit will cause bit 2 of the interrupt register to reflect a tx fifo und errun (txunder). when zero, this interrupt will reflect a frame abort (fa). 6cycle (0) when one, this bit will cause the transm it byte count to cycle through the value loaded into the transmit byte count register. 5 tcrci (0) transmit crc inhibited . when one, this bit will inhibit transmi ssion of the crc. that is, the transmitter will not insert the computed crc onto the bit stream after seeing the eop tag byte. this is used in v.120 terminal adaptation for synchronous prot ocol sensitive ui frames. 4 seven (0) seven bits address recognition. when one, this bit will enable seven bits of address recognition in the fi rst address byte. the received address byte must have bit 0 equal to 1 which indicates a single address byte is being received. 3rsv (0) reserved, must be zero for normal operation. 2rsv (0) reserved, must be zero for normal operation. 1rxfrst (0) rx fifo reset . when one, the rx fifo will be reset. this causes the receiver to be disabled until the next reception of a flag. the status register will identify the fifo as being empty. ho wever, the actual bit values in the rx fifo will not be reset. 0txfrst (0) tx fifo reset. when one, the tx fifo will be reset. the status register will identify the fifo as being empty. this bit will be reset when data is written to the tx fifo. however, the actual bit values of data in the tx fifo will not be reset. it is cleared by the next write to the tx fifo. table 89 - hdlc control register 2 (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 15h) bit name functional description 7-0 ga, eopd, teop, eopr, txfl, fa: txunder, rxff & rxovfl (000000) this register is used with the interr upt register to mask out the interrupts that are not required by the microprocessor. inte rrupts that are masked out will not produce an irq ; however, they will set the appropriate bit in the interrupt register. an in terrupt is disabled when the microprocessor writes a 0 to a bit in this register. this register is cleared on power reset. table 90 - hdlc interrupt mask register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 16h)
mt9075b data sheet 79 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 91 - hdlc interrupt status register (page 0bh & 0ch, address 17h) bit name functional description 7ga go-ahead. indicates a go-ahead pattern was detected by the hdlc receiver. this bit is reset after a read. 6eopd end of packet detect. this bit is set to one when an end of packet (eop) byte was written into the rx fifo by the hdlc receiver. this can be in the form of a flag, an abort sequence or as an invalid packet. this bit is reset after a read. 5teop transmit end of packet. this bit is set to one when the transmitter has finished sending the closing flag of a packet or after a packet has been aborted. this bit is reset after read. 4eopr end of packet read. this bit is set to one when the byte about to be read from the rx fifo is the last byte of the packet. it is also set to one if the rx fifo is read and there is no data in it. this bit is reset after a read. 3txfl tx fifo low. this bit is set to one when the tx fifo is emptied below the selected low threshold level. this bit is reset after a read. 2 fa: txunder frame abort/tx fifo underrun. when intsel bit of control register 2 is low, this bit is set to one when a frame abort is received during packet re- ception. it must be received after a minimum number of bits have been re- ceived (26) otherwise it is ignored. when intsel bit of control register 2 is one, this bit is set to one for a tx fifo underrun indication. if one it indi cates that a read by the transmitter was attempted on an empty tx fifo. this bit is reset after a read. 1rxff rx fifo full. this bit is set to one when the rx fifo is filled above the selected full threshold level. th is bit is reset after a read. 0rxovfl rx fifo overflow. a one indicates that the 128 byte rx fifo overflowed (i.e. an attempt to write to a 128 byte full rx fifo). the hdlc will always disable the receiver once the receive overflow has been detected. the receiver will be re-enabled upon detec tion of the next flag, but will overflow again unless the rx fifo is read. this bit is reset after a read. bit name functional description 7 - 0 crc15-8 the msb byte of the crc received from the transmitter. these bits are as the transmitter sent them; that is, most significant bit first and inverted. this register is updated at the end of each received packet and therefore should be read when end of packet is detected. table 92 - receive crc msb register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 18h)
mt9075b data sheet 80 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 - 0 crc7 - 0 the lsb byte of the crc received from the transmitter. these bits are as the transmitter sent them; that is, mo st significant bit first and inverted. this register is updated at the end of each received packet and therefore should be read when end of packet is detected. table 93 - receive crc lsb register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 19h) bit name functional description 7 - 0 cnt7 - 0 (0000 0000) the transmit byte count register. it is used to indicate the length of the packet about to be transmitted. when this register reaches the count of one, the next write to the tx fifo will be tagged as an end of packet byte. the counter decrements at the end of t he write to the tx fifo. if the cycle bit of control register 2 is set hi gh, the counter will cycle through the programmed value continuously. table 94 - transmit byte count register (pages b & c, address 1ah)
mt9075b data sheet 81 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7hrst (0000 0000) hdlc reset. when this bit is set to one, the hdlc will be reset. this is similar to reset being applied, the onl y difference being that this bit will not be reset automatically. this bit can only be reset by writing a zero twice to this location or applying reset. 6rtloop (0) rt loopback. when this bit is set to one, receive to transmit hdlc loopback will be activated. re ceive data, incl uding end of packet indication, but not including fl ags or crc, will be written to the tx fifo as well as the rx fifo. when the transmitter is enabl ed, this data will be transmitted as though written by the microprocessor. both good and bad packets will be looped back. receive to transmit loopback may also be accomplished by reading the rx fifo using the micr oprocessor and writing these bytes, with appropriate tags, into the tx fifo. 5rsv (0) reserved; must be set to 0 for normal operation. 4rsv (0) reserved; must be set to 0 for normal operation. 3rsv (0) reserved; must be set to 0 for normal operation. 2ftst (0) fifo test. this bit when set to one allows the writing to the rx fifo and reading of the tx fifo through the micr oprocessor to allow more efficient testing of the fifo status/interrupt f unctionality. this is done by making a tx fifo write become a rx fifo write and a rx fifo read become a tx fifo read. in addition, eop/fa and rq8/rq9 are re-defined to be accessible (i.e. rx write causes eop/fa to go to rx fifo input; tx read looks at output of tx fifo through rq8/rq9 bits). 1rsv (0) reserved; must be set to 0 for normal operation. 0--- unused. table 95 - hdlc test control register (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 1bh)
mt9075b data sheet 82 zarlink semiconductor inc. table 96 - hdlc test status register (page 0bh & 0ch, address 1ch) bit name functional description 7 - 4 rsv these bits are reserved. 3 rxclk this bit represents the receiver cl ock generated after the rxen control bit is enabled, but before zero deletion is considered. 2 txclk this bit represents the transmit clock generated after the txen control bit is enabled, but before zero insertion is considered. 1 vcrc this is the crc recognition status bi t for the receiver. data is clocked into the register and then this bit is monitored to see if comparison was successful (bit will be one). 0 vaddr this is the address recognition status bit for the receiver. data is clocked into the address recognition register and then this bit is monitored to see if comparison was successful (bit will be one).
mt9075b data sheet 83 zarlink semiconductor inc. bit name functional description 7 --- unused. 6 - 4 rfd2 - 0 (000) these bits select the rx fifo full status level: rfd2 rfd1 rfd0 full status level 000 16 001 32 010 48 011 64 100 80 101 96 110 112 111 128 3 --- unused. 2 - 0 tfd2 - 0 (000) these bits select the tx hdlc fifo full status level: tfd2 tfd1 tfd0 full status level 000 16 001 32 010 48 011 64 100 80 101 96 110 112 111 128 table 97 - hdlc control register 3 (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 1dh)
mt9075b data sheet 84 zarlink semiconductor inc. transmit national bit buffer (page 0dh) page 0dh, addresses 10h to 14h contain the five by tes of the transmit national bit buffer (tnbb0 - tnbb4 respectively). this feature is functional only when control bit nbtb (page 01h, address 10h) is one. bit name functional description 7 --- unused. 6 - 4 rffs2 - 0 (000) these bits select the rxff (rx fifo full) interrupt threshold level: rffs2 rffs1 rffs0 rx fifo full interrupt threshold level. 000 64 001 72 010 80 011 88 100 96 101 104 110 112 111 120 3 --- unused. 2 - 0 tfls2 - 0 (000) these bits select the txfl (tx fi fo low) interrupt threshold level: tfls2 tfls1 tfls0 tx fifo low interrupt threshold level. 000 8 001 16 010 24 011 32 100 40 101 48 110 56 111 64 table 98 - hdlc control register 4 (pages 0bh & 0ch, address 1eh)
mt9075b data sheet 85 zarlink semiconductor inc. receive national bit buffer (page 0eh) page 0eh, addresses 10h to 14h contain the five byte s of the receive national bit buffer (rnbb0 - rnbb4 respectively). transmit message mode buffer zero and one (pages 0fh and 10h) pages 0fh and 10h together contain 32 byte storage locations for data that may be transmit onto the equivalent pcm 30 transmit timeslot. transmission of these bytes is enabled by setting the txmsg bits (bit 7) in the equivalent per time slot control register (page 07h and 08h). table 97 shows the mapping between the tx message buffer addresses and the equivalent pcm 30 channels. bit name functional description 7 - 0 tnbbn.f1 - tnbbn.f15 transmit s a n+4 bits frames 1 to 15. this byte c ontains the bits transmitted in bit position n+4 of channel zero of frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 when crc-4 multiframe alignment is used, or of consecutive odd frames when crc-4 multiframe alignment is not used. n = 0 to 4 inclusive and corresponds to a byte of the receive national bit buffer. table 99 - transmit national bit buffer bytes zero to four (page 0dh) bit name functional description 7 - 0 rnbbn.f1 - rnbbn.f15 receive s a n+4 bits frames 1 to 15. this byte contains the bits received in bit position n+4 of channel zero of frames 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 when crc-4 multiframe alignment is used, or of consecutive odd frames when crc-4 multiframe alignment is not used. n = 0 to 4 inclusive and corresponds to a byte of the receive national bit buffer. table 100 - receive national bit buffer bytes zero to four (page 0eh) page 0fh (tx message buffer 0) address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 0123456789101112131415 page 10h (tx message buffer 1) address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 table 101 - pages 0fh & 10h address mapping to cept channels
mt9075b data sheet 86 zarlink semiconductor inc. page 0fh, addresses 10h to 1fh contain the 16 bytes of transmit message buffer zero page 10h, addresses 10h to 1fh contain the 16 bytes of transmit message buffer one receive message mode buffer zero and one (pages 11h and 12h) pages 11h and 12h - receive message buffer 0 and 1 respectively, contain 32 bytes of memory. each byte is updated once per frame by the equivalent pcm 30 channel from the receive data stream. page 11h, addresses 10h to 1fh contain the 16 bytes of receive message buffer zero bit name functional description 7 - 0 txb0.n.7 - txb0.n.0 transmit bits 7 to 0. this byte is transm it on a time slot when selected by the txmsg bit of the appropriate per time sl ot control word. n = 0 to 15 and represents transmit timeslot numbers 0 to 15. table 102 - transmit message mode buffer zero (page 0fh) bit name functional description 7 - 0 txb1.n.7 - txb1.n.0 transmit bits 7 to 0. this byte is transm it on a time slot when selected by the txmsg bit of the appropriate per time sl ot control word. n = 0 to 15 and represents transmit timeslot numbers 16 to 31. table 103 - transmit message mode buffer one (page 10h) page 0fh (rx mes- sage buffer 0) address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 0123456789101112131415 page 10h (rx message buffer 1) address: 0123456789101112131415 equivalent pcm 30 timeslots 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 table 104 - pages 11h & 12h address mapping to cept channels bit name functional description 7 - 0 rxb0.n.7 - rxb0.n.0 receive bits 7 to 0. each byte is sourced from a time slot coming from the line data. n=0 to 15 represents receive timeslots 0 to 15. table 105 - receive message buffer zero (page 11h)
mt9075b data sheet 87 zarlink semiconductor inc. page 12h, addresses 10h to 1fh contain the 16 bytes of receive message buffer one absolute maximum ratings* - voltages are with respect to gr ound (vss) unless otherwise stated. * exceeding these values may cause permanent damage. functional operation under these conditions is not implied. recommended operating conditions - voltages are with respect to ground (v ss ) unless otherwise stated. ? typical figures are at 25c and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. dc electrical ch aracteristics ? - voltages are with respect to ground (v ss ) unless otherwise stated. ? characteristics are for clocked operation over the ranges of recommended operating temperature and supply voltage. ? typical figures are at 25c and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. ? * limits for input leakage on pin names: tdi, tck, tms and trstb are max 100ua. bit name functional description 7 - 0 rxb1.n.7 - rxb1.n.0 receive bits 7 to 0. each byte is sourced from a time slot coming from the line data. n=0 to 15 represents receive timeslots 16 to 31. table 106 - receive message buffer one (page 12h) parameter symbol min. max. units 1 supply voltage v dd -0.3 7 v 2 voltage at digital inputs v i -0.3 v dd + 0.3 v 3 current at digital inputs i i 30 ma 4 voltage at digital outputs v o -0.3 v dd + 0.3 v 5 current at digital outputs i o 30 ma 6 storage temperature t st -55 125 c characteristics sym min typ ? max units test conditions 1 operating temperature t op -40 85 c 2 supply voltage v dd 4.75 5 5.25 v characteristics sym. min. typ. ? max. units test conditions 1 supply current i dd 150 ma outputs unloaded. transmitting an all 1?s signal. 2 input high voltage (digital inputs) v ih 2.0 v dd v 3 input low voltage (digital inputs) v il 00.8v 4 input leakage (digital inputs)* i il 10 av i = 0 to v dd 5 output high voltage (digital outputs) v oh 2.4 v dd v i oh =7 ma @ v oh =2.4 v 6 output high current (digital outputs) i oh 7 ma source v oh =2.4 v 7 output low voltage (digital outputs) v ol v ss 0.4 v i ol =2 ma @ v ol = 0.4 v 8 output low current (digital outputs) i ol 7masink v ol =0.4 v 9 high impedance leakage (digital i/o) i oz 10 av o = 0 to v dd
mt9075b data sheet 88 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical characteristi cs - timing parameter measurement voltage levels note 1: timing for output signals is based on the worst case result of the combination of ttl and cmos thresholds. ac electrical ch aracteristics ? - motorola microprocessor timing ? characteristics are for clocked operation over the ranges of recommended operating temperature and supply voltage ? typical figures are at 25cand are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. * this cycle time is for all accesses other than hdlc fifos. for hdlc fifo accesses, a minimum 100ns is required between succes sive read/write operations. characteristics sym. level units conditions/notes 1 ttl threshold voltage v tt 1.5 v see note 1 2 cmos threshold voltage v ct 0.5 ? v dd v see note 1 3 rise/fall threshold voltage high v hm 2.0 0.7 ? v dd v v ttl cmos 4 rise/fall threshold voltage low v lm 0.8 0.3 ? v dd v v ttl cmos characteristics sym. min. typ. ? max. units test conditions 1ds low t dsl 70 ns 2ds high t dsh 50 ns 3cs setup t css 0ns 4r/w setup t rws 10 ns 5 address setup t ads 10 ns 6cs hold t csh 0ns 7r/w hold t rwh 15 ns 8 address hold t adh 15 ns 9 data delay read t ddr 80 ns c l =50pf, r l =1k ? 10 data hold read t dhr 80 ns c l =50pf, r l =1k ? 11 data active to high z delay t daz 80 ns 12 data setup write t dsw 10 ns 13 data hold write t dhw 10 ns 14 cycle time * t cyc 120 ns
mt9075b data sheet 89 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 11 - motorola microprocessor timing ac electrical ch aracteristics ? - intel microprocessor timing ? characteristics are for clocked operation over the ranges of recommended operating temperature and supply voltage ? typical figures are at 25c and are for design aid only: not guaranteed and not subject to production testing. * this cycle time is for all accesses other than hdlc fifos. for hdlc fifo accesses, a minimum 100ns is required between succes sive read/write operations. characteristics sym. min. typ. ? max. units test conditions 1rd low t rdl 60 ns 2rd high t rdh 50 ns 3cs setup t css 0ns 4cs hold t csh 0ns 5 address setup t ads 10 ns 6 address hold t adh 15 ns 7 data delay read t ddr 80 ns c l =50pf, r l =1k ? . 8 data active to high z delay t daz 80 ns 9 data setup write t dsw 10 ns 10 data hold write t dhw 10 ns 11 cycle time * t cyc 110 ds cs r/w a0-a4 d0-d7 read d0-d7 write t css t rws t ads t csh t rwh t adh valid data t dsw t dhr t ddr t dhw valid data t dsh t dsl t daz note: ds and cs may be connected together. t cyc v tt v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct v tt
mt9075b data sheet 90 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 12 - intel microprocessor timing ac electrical character istics - transmit data link timing characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1 data link clock output delay t tdc 35 ns 50pf 2 data link setup t dls 10 ns 3 data link hold t dlh 10 ns rd cs wr a0-a4 d0-d7 read d0-d7 write t css t ads t csh t csh t adh valid data t dsw t ddr t dhw valid data t rdl t daz t adh t cyc v tt v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct v tt t rdh
mt9075b data sheet 91 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 13 - transmit data link functional timing figure 14 - transmit data link timing diagram f0b txdlclk time slot 0 bits 4,3,2,1,0 txdl txdlclk txdl example a - 20 kb/s example b - 12 kb/s c4b txdl t tdc t dlh t dls txdlclk v tt v tt, v ct v tt
mt9075b data sheet 92 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical charact eristics - receive data link timing figure 15 - receive data link functional timing figure 16 - receive data link timing diagram characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1 data link clock output delay t rdc 150 ns 50pf 2 data link output delay t rdd 45 ns 50pf rxfp rxdlclk time slot 0 bits 4,3,2,1,0 rxdl rxdlclk rxdl example a - 20 kb/s example b - 12 kb/s e2o rxdl t rdc t rdd rxdlclk t rdc v tt v tt, v ct v tt, v ct
mt9075b data sheet 93 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical char acteristics - transmit 64 k common channel timing figure 17 - transmit 64 k common channel functional timing figure 18 - transmit 64 k common channel timing diagram characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1 transmit common channel setup t tcs 15 ns 2 transmit common channel hold t tch 15 ns f0b internal csti clock 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 stbus channel times c4b csti t tch t tcs internal clock v tt v tt
mt9075b data sheet 94 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical char acteristics - receive 64 k common channel timing figure 19 - receive 64 k common channel functional timing figure 20 - receive 64 k common channel timing diagram characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1 receive common channel output delay t rcd 60 ns 50 pf rx64kck csto receive frame boundary rx64kck csto t rcd v tt v tt, v ct
mt9075b data sheet 95 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical characteristi cs - st-bus/gci timing figure 21 - st-bus functional timing diagram figure 22 - st-bus timing diagram characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1c4b clock width high or low t 4wi 80 164 ns c4b as input 2c4b clock width high or low t 4wo 110 135 ns c4b as output 3 frame pulse setup t fps 10 ns f0b as input 4frame pulse hold t fph 10 ns f0b as input 5frame pulse delay t fpd 12 ns f0b as output 6 serial input setup t sis 15 ns 7 serial input hold t sih 15 ns 8 serial output delay t sod 54 ns 50pf f0b c4b st-bus bit cells channel 31 bit 0 channel 0 bit 7 channel 0 bit 6 channel 0 bit 5 f0b st-bus bit stream all input bit cell bit cell bit cell t sih t fph t fps t sis streams t sod all output streams t 4wi t 4wi c4b (input) v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct
mt9075b data sheet 96 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 23 - st-bus timing diagram (output clocks) figure 24 - gci functional timing diagram f0b st-bus bit stream all input bit cell bit cell bit cell t sih t sis streams t sod all output streams t 4wo c4b (output) (output) t 4wo t fpd t fpd v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct f0b c4b st-bus bit cells channel 31 bit 0 channel 0 bit 7 channel 0 bit 6 channel 0 bit 5
mt9075b data sheet 97 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 25 - gci timing diagram (input clocks) figure 26 - gci timing diagram (output clocks) f0b st-bus bit stream all input bit cell bit cell bit cell t sih t fph t fps t sis streams t sod all output streams t 4wi t 4wi c4b (input) (input) v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct f0b st-bus bit stream all input bit cell bit cell bit cell t sih t fpd t fpd t sis streams t sod all output streams t 4wo t 4wo c4b (output) (output) v tt v tt v tt v tt, v ct
mt9075b data sheet 98 zarlink semiconductor inc. ac electrical characteristi cs - multiframe timing figure 27 - receive multiframe functional timing figure 28 - transmit multiframe functional timing characteristic sym. min. typ. max. units test conditions 1 receive multiframe output delay t mod 50 ns 50 pf 2 transmit multiframe setup t ms 50 ns 3 transmit multiframe hold t mh 50 * ns * 256 c2 periods - 100nsec dsto bit cells f0b bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 0 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 0 bit 7 frame 0 frame 15 rxmf c4b (4.096 mhz) f0b txmf dsti bit cells bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 0 bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 0 bit 7 frame 0 frame n c4b (4.096 mhz)
mt9075b data sheet 99 zarlink semiconductor inc. figure 29 - multiframe timing diagram figure 30 - pcm 30 format figure 31 - st-bus stream format c4b rxmf (1) txmf (1) note (1) : these two signals do not have a defined phase relationship t mod t mod t mh t ms t mh2 f0b v tt v tt, v ct v tt v tt frame 15 0 14 15 0 time slot 0 1 30 31 most significant bit (first) least significant bit (last) bit 12345678 frame frame frame frame time slot time slot time slot bit bit bit bit bit bit bit 2.0 ms (8/2.048) s 125 s ???????? ???? channel 31 0 30 bit channel channel channel channel 31 0 bit bit bit bit bit bit bit ? ? ? least significant bit (last) most significant bit (first) (8/2.048) s 125 s 7654321 0

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